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　　CCTV News:At present, the real estate registration system has been fully operated in the whole country. During a period of operation, there are some difficulties in obtaining certificates in real estate registration in some places. Recently, the Ministry of Natural Resources has deployed a special rectification of the style of the real estate registration window throughout the country.

　

　　Wang Guanghua, Vice Minister of Natural Resources: "Since the implementation of the unified registration system for real estate, there have been 109 halls in China, and there have been problems of queuing in the early morning and scalpers changing their numbers. Some places have turned a blind eye to the gap between the service ability and level and the people’s demand for permits, and have not taken the initiative to solve it in time, which is simply limited."

　　The rectification deployment focuses on the style of real estate registration window, such as "pushing around and dragging" and "difficulty in obtaining a certificate". It will take three months to comprehensively promote the "reduction of certificates and convenience for the people" nationwide, and clean up and cancel the pre-existing links without legal and regulatory basis. At the same time, it is necessary to comprehensively clean up all kinds of unnecessary certificates such as "wonderful" certificates, circular certificates and repeated certificates that bother enterprises and the masses.

　　Wang Guanghua, Vice Minister of Natural Resources: "Those materials that can be obtained through the Internet shall not be submitted repeatedly by the masses. Then in fact, the information that can be obtained through information sharing between government departments is fast, accurate and reliable, so it is beneficial to improve efficiency and ensure quality. "

　

　　In terms of establishing a standardized service system in an all-round way, the Ministry of Natural Resources said that all localities should classify and establish standardized and simplified standardized business processes to provide clear guidance for the masses to do things.

　

　　Wang Guanghua, Vice Minister of Natural Resources: "There is no pre-position for real estate registration. As long as the application materials submitted by the applicant meet the requirements of the provisional regulations on real estate registration and the detailed rules for the implementation of the provisional regulations on real estate registration, the real estate registration agency should handle it, and the sharing and collaboration between departments should be placed in the window. Don’t let the people run back and forth."

　　Issues left over from history should not be shelved for a long time.

　　According to the Ministry of Natural Resources, for the multi-sector decentralized registration period before the implementation of unified registration of real estate, historical problems caused by imperfect and irregular management links should not be shelved for a long time.

　　Wang Guanghua, Vice Minister of Natural Resources: "At present, there are still more than 4.8 million pieces in the country, and the problems left over from the history of decentralized registration have not been solved. In some places, in the face of the outbreak of historical problems, they did not organize forces to focus on investigation and coordination, and directly let the window staff respond, simply because the procedures were incomplete and they could not be handled."

　　According to the Ministry of Natural Resources, all localities should actively discuss and study the problems left over from history with planning, housing construction and other departments, and report to the people’s governments of cities and counties to issue policies to solve them in time to meet the people’s normal demand for accreditation.

　　Strictly investigate violations of laws and regulations for real estate registration　

　

　　In addition, the Ministry of Natural Resources also emphasized that it is necessary to prevent "small property houses" from being legalized through real estate registration. At the same time, it is necessary to crack down on the abuse of power to forge false registration of materials, deliberately misregister, illegally register for financing, maliciously collude with illegal registration and disclose registration information.

　　Wang Guanghua, Vice Minister of Natural Resources: "Since the implementation of real estate registration, a total of 303 cases of illegal registration have been found throughout the country. In recent years, the state land supervision agency found that some places illegally and falsely registered mortgages for public welfare roads, parks, public facilities and other land for financing needs, and some places maliciously colluded with third parties to register illegally and leaked registration information."

Space and vehicle comfort are closely related, and this car is brought to you today. Let’s take a look at it together.

First look at the appearance of the Pentium pony. The front of the Pentium pony looks very simple and generous, which makes people unforgettable. Coupled with tough headlights, it is very eye-catching. The car is equipped with etc. Come to the side of the car, the car body size is 3000MM*1510MM*1630MM, the car uses dignified lines, the car side looks very calm, with large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is quite dignified. Looking back, the tail line of Pentium pony is fashionable, the taillights are very domineering and the shape is relatively simple.

In terms of interior, the interior modeling has taken a solid route and the visual effect is quite unique. The car looks very good outside the steering wheel, made of plastic, and feels good. Take a look at the central control. The design of the center console is reasonable, which makes the interior design quite layered, which is in line with the temperament of the car. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats again. The dashboard of this car presents a flamboyant design style, which is very eye-catching. The car uses a fabric seat, which is wrapped in place and has good support and comfort.

Pentium pony matching gearbox, 30KW, 90N.m, good power performance.

The car is equipped with Bluetooth /WIFI connection, sun visor mirror, USB interface, uphill assist, rear reversing radar and other configurations, which is quite rich in functions, which is undoubtedly very friendly to drivers.

After reading the above description, Xiaobian will make a summary. I wonder if you are excited about this car introduced today?

Human eyes can see all kinds of colors in the visible light band, and ears can hear sounds in the frequency range of 20-20000 Hz, but we still don’t know whether we have the sense of sensing the earth’s magnetic field, which is a complete mystery.

The public calls it "the sixth sense", but scientists don’t like this statement. In the past few decades, they have been trying to pry open the tip of the iceberg of the mystery and find a breakthrough in birds. How do they realize the induction of geomagnetic field and use it? European Robin is an excellent research object. This nocturnal migratory bird has been proved to have the ability of geomagnetic navigation before, and they can use the geomagnetic field as weak as 0.5 gauss for long-distance orientation to complete the seasonal migration year after year.

But what is the mechanism behind it? For this question, it needs a highly interdisciplinary cooperation to answer one or two. At 23: 00 on June 23rd, Beijing time, the top academic journal Nature published a heavy research titled "Magnetic sensitivity of cryptochrome 4 from a migratory songbird" on the cover form, which was jointly completed by scientists from Germany’s Oldenburg University, England’s Oxford University, China Academy of Sciences’ Hefei Institute of Material Science, Purdue University, University of Texas Southwest Medical Center and Germany’s Freiburg University. Studies have proved that cryptochrome protein (Cry4) in birds’ retina is very sensitive to magnetic field, and it may be the long-sought magnetic sensor.

There are 6 corresponding authors in this study, one of whom is Xie Can, a researcher from the High Magnetic Field Science Center of Hefei Institute of Material Science, China Academy of Sciences, and the High Magnetic Field Science Center is the common communication unit. Together with the team of the University of Oldenburg, Xie Can’s laboratory successfully prepared and obtained the Cry protein of European robin, a nocturnal migratory bird, for the first time in the laboratory, which laid the foundation for the success of the whole study.

In an interview with The Paper (www.thepaper.cn), Xie Can said that this multi-party cooperation, which started in 2016, is only the first stage of research on biomagnetic induction in various laboratories. "This article is also the first stage of our long-term cooperation." There is still a lot of work to be explored by its laboratories and partners in the future.

Xie Can graduated from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2001 with a doctorate in science. In August of the same year, he went to the United States to study molecular biophysics and structural biology in Timothy Springer laboratory of Harvard Medical School. From 2009 to 2019, he was a professor at Peking University College of Life Sciences. In November 2019, he was invited to join and transferred to the High Magnetic Field Science Center of China Academy of Sciences as a researcher. In December, 2020, we jointly established the International Magnetic Biology Frontier Research Center (IMF RC).

It is worth mentioning that in 2016, Xie Can Laboratory published its original breakthrough in the field of animal magnetic induction and biological navigation in the international academic journal Nature Materials, and discovered the magnetic receptor gene for animals’ perception of magnetic field for the first time in the world. The magnetic induction protein (MagR) encoded by this gene has intrinsic magnetism and can form a complex with Cry protein, so as to recognize the external magnetic field and respond. Based on this, Xie can put forward the hypothesis of "biological compass" for animals to feel magnetism. This work was rated as "Top Ten Progress in Life Sciences in China in 2015".

Professor Peter Hore from the Laboratory of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry of the Department of Chemistry of Oxford University is also the corresponding author of this latest study. Hore is one of the main schools of biological magnetic induction hypothesis, that is, the main contributor to the chemical radical-pair model that relies on cryptochrome. In an email to The Paper (www.thepaper.cn), he wrote, "If we can prove that Cry4 is a magnetic receptor molecule, we will also prove a fundamental quantum mechanism, which enables animals to perceive extremely weak environmental stimuli, and the intensity of this stimulus is one million times weaker than previously thought".

Referring to the above hypothesis of chemical free radicals, the time should be set back to 1978. At that time, German chemist Klaus Schulten and others proposed a preliminary model to introduce quantum entanglement into this research field, arguing that the magnetic induction mechanism of birds involves the entangled state of free radical pairs. Schulten’s team finally published the research results in 2000, pointing out that cryptochrome is probably the key molecule in the process of bird magnetic navigation, and boldly speculated on the magnetic induction process.

After nearly 20 years’ development, the outline of this hypothesis has become increasingly clear: firstly, the photosensitive pigment auxiliary group FAD in cryptochrome absorbs the energy of a blue photon, which causes the electronic transition of FAD group, leaving an empty orbit; Then the electrons are taken from the four adjacent tryptophan in turn, which is "electron transfer". At this time, the separated electrons have both spin singlet and triplet states due to quantum entanglement. Finally, the delicate balance between the two states can be determined by the direction of geomagnetic field, and this information can be transmitted to the brain in some way, so that organisms can respond to geomagnetic information.

The research team systematically and completely summarized the basic principles and supporting evidence of the free radical pair hypothesis from physics, chemistry and biology.

Compared with the previous theoretical research, this multi-party cooperative research takes the cryptochrome 4 protein of European robin as the main research object, carries out a series of high-precision spectroscopic tests, and carries out computational biology simulation, thus realizing the mutual verification of theory and experiment. This is the first comprehensive explanation of the photochemical magnetic sensitivity of free radicals in cryptochrome protein of nocturnal migratory birds, which confirms and perfects the magnetic induction mechanism of free radicals and provides an important basis for further explaining the geomagnetic orientation behavior of migratory birds.

Functional Cry4 protein from migratory birds

As early as 2000, scientists proposed that the photosensitive protein cryptochrome (Cry) was a possible magnetic induction protein through theoretical calculation. Theoretically, under the blue light condition, the information of external magnetic field can be transformed into the change of quantum yield caused by photoinduced free radicals in cryptochrome protein, which can be perceived by cells.

Why is cryptochrome protein considered by scientists as an animal magnetic induction molecule? The first author of this paper, Xu Jingjing from the University of Oldenburg, explained to the reporter of The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) that cryptochrome protein can bind to flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), also known as active vitamin B2. When FAD is excited by blue light, it will undergo a reduction reaction, which can seize the electrons of tryptophan (Trp) nearby in turn, thus forming a magnetically sensitive free radical pair [FAD-TrpH+].

"It can be said that FAD is the’ heart’ of this magnetic sensitive molecule, and only cryptochrome protein combined with the cofactor FAD has the prerequisite of magnetic sensitivity." Xu Jingjing is now a doctoral student in Henrik Mouritsen’s laboratory of the University of Oldenburg. Before studying in Germany, Xu Jingjing completed his master’s degree in the Institute of Electrician, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and received biochemical training in Professor Xie Can’s laboratory. .

It is worth mentioning that one of the reasons why the hypothesis of free radical magnetic induction has not been proved by experiments in birds since it was put forward in 1978 is that the recombinant expression of avian cryptochrome protein often loses its own function because of protein’s misfolding, which means the loss of the key auxiliary group FAD for cryptochrome.

"The biggest regret of free radicals to the hypothesis is that scientists have never been able to obtain experimental evidence of the magnetic sensitivity of cryptochrome protein in migratory birds. In the early attempts, some experiments were done in the laboratory with cryptochrome protein of plants or non-migratory animals, but as the most typical migratory animals, migratory birds have never been really studied because of the difficulty in purifying cryptochrome protein of birds. " Xie can added.

In this study, scientists finally obtained the functional cryptochrome protein of migratory birds that combined with FAD. Under the guidance of Xie Can and Mouritsen, Xu Jingjing expressed and purified Cry4 protein of nocturnal migratory birds with biological activity by using the Cold-Shock protein expression system customized and optimized in the laboratory. The protein sample showed a beautiful and transparent yellow-green color due to the presence of FAD chromophore, and mass spectrometry analysis showed that the FAD binding rate of the protein was as high as 97%. It laid the foundation for the success of the whole study.

The acquisition of Cry4 protein of European robin is actually quite tortuous. Xie Can told the The Paper reporter that as early as the beginning of the cooperation, that is, in April 2016, the original plan was that Xie Can’s laboratory would prepare the protein in China, and then send it to the foreign cooperation team by air transportation for the next test.

In the previous research on MagR, Xie Can has successfully expressed and purified the MagR and Cry proteins of homing pigeons (birds that can homing directionally but not migrate seasonally) and their complexes.

But the international transportation scheme is not feasible. Xie Can clearly remembers that on June 9, 2016, his laboratory sent samples to Oxford University for the first time, but it was difficult. "Long-distance international transportation of protein samples requires that the protein be frozen first, and then thawed after reaching the destination laboratory. At that time, we found a problem. Whether it is Cry protein, MagR protein discovered by ourselves, or a complex of the two, all these proteins related to magnetic induction are very unstable and extremely sensitive to temperature. In the process of freezing and thawing, the activity of protein is greatly reduced or even disappeared. " For Cry4 protein in this study, after long-distance transportation and freezing and thawing, the key FAD auxiliary group was dissociated from Cry4 protein, and Cry4 protein also lost its activity.

Under the circumstances at that time, how to "preserve" Cry protein was an urgent problem to be solved. Just then, Xu Jingjing was applying for a visiting scholar in Mouritsen Laboratory. In November 2016, Mouritsen put forward a proposal to let Xu Jingjing go directly to Xie Can’s laboratory to learn a whole set of protein expression and purification techniques. Under the framework of cooperation, Xie can is very open-minded. "This is also a good thing for us, because the articles we publish ourselves also hope that others can repeat them." After more than two months of intensive "crash course", Xu Jingjing entered the Mouritsen laboratory.

"It took about seven or eight months for Xu Jingjing to set up the whole system from scratch in Mouritsen laboratory, and the expression and purification of Cry4 protein were perfectly repeated, and it also had good activity." After the key cornerstone work was completed, Hore and Mouritsen could not hide their excitement. They expressed their excitement in the email sent to Xie Can, that is, at that moment, the three parties formally established a long-term cooperation. "The three of us are completely different backgrounds. Hore is a physicist, so he mainly does physical chemistry. Mouritsen does animal behavior and neurobiology. I do protein research, so the three of us have their own strengths, which can complement each other." Xie Can described this tripartite cooperation in this way.

　In the following two years, Xu Jingjing usually finished protein preparation in the morning, then took a flight from Germany to Britain, arrived at Oxford University in the afternoon and went straight to the laboratory to test the properties of the protein, that is, the magnetic sensitivity of free radicals to photochemical reactions. Xie can once "experienced half a trip" when she visited Oxford University. "I can realize that she basically shuttled between laboratories in two countries for more than two years, and this is how the experiment was done." Xie can said.

For the first time, the hypothesis of free radical pair was verified by the experiment of cryptochrome protein of migratory birds

In the course of this research, in view of the complexity of the experimental content and the extremely complicated tests involved, more laboratories joined in. It is mentioned in the paper that in order to study the influence of magnetic field on the photochemistry of cryptochrome, the research team has developed and continuously improved a variety of spectral techniques.

The research team of Oxford University has developed a series of spectroscopic techniques specially used to study the photochemical magnetic field effect of cryptochrome, including transient absorption spectroscopy and Cavity ring-down spectroscopy. Broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance. Hore described it this way, "These devices were developed by the joint efforts of generations of talented postdoctoral and graduate students in the laboratory for many years."

Xu Jingjing said, simply put, the researchers put the protein sample in a magnetic field and irradiated it with 450nm blue light to detect the light absorption changes of the protein transient free radical pair under different magnetic field conditions and different time resolutions.

The experimental results showed that the free radicals in cryptochrome protein changed the yield after the magnetic field was applied, that is, the magnetic field effect, and the magnetic field effect of cryptochrome protein of European robin was 10 to 20 times stronger than that of non-migratory birds (chickens and pigeons).

The research team also clarified the mechanism of this magnetic sensitivity, that is, the electron transfer reaction triggered by blue light absorption. Protein molecule is composed of a series of amino acids: Cry4 has 527 amino acids, of which 4 tryptophan is very important for magnetic sensitivity. Under the excitation of blue light, electrons jump between FAD and these four tryptophan, resulting in so-called magnetically induced free radical pairs. Peter Hore of Oxford University and Ilia Solov’yov, a physicist in oldenburg, have calculated quantum mechanics to support this view.

In order to verify this, researchers at the University of Oldenburg further prepared tryptophan mutant protein of cryptochrome, that is, four tryptophan (WA, WB, WC and WD) in the electron transfer chain were replaced by phenylalanine (F) in turn, which had no redox activity and could not provide electrons to FAD, thus cutting off the electron transfer chain.

In each mutant protein, the electron transfer chain is 3, 2 and 1 tryptophan in turn. The transient absorption spectrum test results show that the free radical pair life of mutant protein is shortened from microsecond to nanosecond and picosecond. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) test showed that the free radicals of wild-type protein [FAD+TRPDH+] were 2.2nm apart, and after the fourth tryptophan was mutated, the free radical pair [FAD+TRPCH+] was 1.8nm apart.

The paper points out that the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical simulation. In wild-type cryptochrome protein, electrons are transferred among four tryptophan in turn, and these four steps make the electrons that are not equipped at the end be the farthest apart, thus forming a long-lived free radical pair, and the ultra-fine effect of the latter’s spin coherence is the point of magnetic field action.

Xu Jingjing mentioned that, surprisingly, when the fourth tryptophan at the farthest end was mutated, the magnetic field effect of protein was stronger than that of wild-type protein, and it was stronger than that of cryptochrome in Arabidopsis thaliana, which is also an electron transfer chain of tryptophan.

The researchers asked, why did nature evolve a fourth tryptophan for avian cryptochrome protein, if its function was only to reduce the sensitivity of magnetic field? Further research shows that the decay kinetics of wild-type protein (ErCry4) and mutant (ErCry4 WDF) are similar in milliseconds, and the magnetic field dichotomy (B1/2) is similar. This means that the origin of their magnetic sensitivity is the same, both of them come from the third tryptophan, and the fourth tryptophan may not participate in the animal magnetic induction process.

So what role does this fourth tryptophan-mediated electron transfer play? Based on the above experimental results, Ilia Solov’yov and Hore put forward the mechanism of free pair dynamic equilibrium through spin dynamic simulation, that is, electrons may jump back and forth between the third and fourth tryptophan, and the resulting two free radical pairs [FAD-TRPCH+] and [FAD+TRPDH+] are in rapid dynamic equilibrium and play different roles respectively.

The two roles are: the free radical pair formed by flavin-third tryptophan is mainly responsible for magnetic field perception, and the free radical pair formed by flavin-fourth tryptophan is mainly responsible for biochemical signal transmission in vivo. "This mechanism has not been found in cryptochrome proteins of any species before." Xie can said.

The research team predicts that there may be other proteins interacting with cryptochrome proteins in the body, such as MagR or other unidentified signal molecules reported by Xie Can, to realize cascade amplification of signals or directional arrangement of cryptochrome proteins, and further enhance the magnetic sensitivity and direction recognition in organisms. "Of course, these speculations need more experiments in the future to confirm."

They speculated that, perhaps, it was through this ingenious mechanism that nature wonderfully optimized the free radical photochemical reaction of cryptochrome protein and realized the dual functions of magnetic field sensing and signal transmission, thus enabling migratory birds to find their way in their journey across the hemisphere.

Xie Can concluded to the The Paper reporter that the main breakthroughs of this study are as follows: first, the hypothesis of free radical pair is verified experimentally with cryptochrome protein of migratory birds; Secondly, it is found that cryptochrome protein 4 of migratory birds is more sensitive to magnetic field than that of non-migratory birds; Thirdly, it is found for the first time that the four conserved tryptophan in the hypothesis have two different functions: magnetic induction and signal transmission.

Moving forward in controversy, in vivo verification is not easy.

It is worth noting that there are still many controversies in the field of animal magnetic induction research.

Xie Can said that on the whole, the magnetic induction hypothesis that has attracted much attention so far mainly includes electromagnetic induction model, magnetite particle model, chemical free radical pair model dependent on cryptochrome and biological compass model. These hypotheses are supported by certain experimental evidence, but there are also some limitations or deficiencies.

Xie Can called the study of animal magnetic induction a "very non-biological" study. By analogy with the conventional research ideas of sensory biology, scientists have first known for sure the existence of a certain sensory system and what kind of sensory organ it is, and on this basis, they have identified the receptor cells, neural pathways and brain regions related to the sensory system.

But the study of magnetic induction is quite different. In this field, biologists often find and ask questions, but physicists put forward imaginative hypotheses, and then chemists will also participate in a large number of verification experiments. Previously, the discovery of MagR and the hypothesis of biological compass in Xie Can’s laboratory generally followed this thinking paradigm.

Although this latest research has made many important breakthroughs, Hore stressed that this is not conclusive evidence that cryptochrome is a magnetic sensor. Because "this study is an in vitro experiment with purified protein, and the magnetic field used in the experiment is much higher than the geomagnetic field." Henrik Mouritsen said, "We need to prove the sensitivity of this protein to geomagnetic field in birds’ eyes, but the current technical bottleneck does not allow us to do this."

The research team speculated that cryptochrome protein may show higher sensitivity to magnetic field in vivo environment. For example, in retinal cells, protein may be arranged in a fixed orientation, thus enhancing their sensitivity to the direction of magnetic field. In addition, they may interact with other proteins, such as the previously reported magnetic receptor MagR, and even other unidentified protein, so as to achieve the effect of signal cascade amplification. Scientists are also looking for these unknown "mutual partners".

Regarding the future research plan of this project, Xu Jingjing pointed out that finding the interaction protein of cryptochrome and conducting in vivo experiments are two major challenges.

In fact, up to now, even though the evidence of free radicals is the most comprehensive, many hypotheses of animal magnetic induction mechanism need to be continuously developed, improved and screened. "There are many schools in the field of magnetic induction, and the publication of every research result needs to be widely questioned and challenged by reviewers in the review process, and these reviewers often come from different academic schools with different academic viewpoints, and they are often your competitors. Only by persuading your competitors will it be possible to finally publish it through review. " The review of this paper for nearly two years also highlights the twists and turns of the process.

Xie can prefers to call this kind of controversy in the scientific community academic debate. "The extensive academic controversy and debate itself shows that the problem you are studying is very important, which is obvious." Secondly, Xie Can believes that with the academic controversy and debate, it often brings about the rapid development of the whole field, "because more and more rigorous experiments will be designed to verify their respective views. Whether it is proof or falsification, we are getting closer and closer to the truth of science. "

Xie Can believes that the field of animal magnetic induction is full of controversy, "because no hypothesis or model has been recognized by everyone so far, and each school has its own supporters."

Strong cooperation like this one may bring about accelerated progress. "This is a highly interdisciplinary field. If you want to do some interesting topics in the field of animal magnetic induction and biological navigation, it is often impossible to rely on a laboratory to complete it." Xie can said.

Xu Jingjing also mentioned that "solving a scientific problem requires the joint efforts of many disciplines. In our team, experts in various disciplines have world-class technology, which is very important for our research." She said that in the process of project promotion, researchers kept communicating and understanding the knowledge of different disciplines to achieve common scientific goals.

　　CCTV News:It is understood that Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5, the first Hualong No.1 unit in China, has been put into commercial operation for more than a year, and its power generation has exceeded 7 billion kWh. At present, the first refueling work has been successfully completed, which has fully verified the reliability of Hualong No.1 technology.

　　As the world’s first Hualong No.1 unit, Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5 has just completed its first refueling overhaul. In order to ensure the long-term safe and reliable operation of nuclear power units, nuclear power units need to replace nuclear fuel regularly, and during this period, important equipment should be inspected and maintained. This work is called overhaul. At present, the unit has completed the loading of nuclear fuel components and is about to start the second start.

　　The world’s first reactor, Hualong No.1, was officially put into commercial operation on January 30, 2021, which achieved a technological breakthrough in the whole industrial chain of independent design, manufacture, construction and operation of China’s advanced nuclear power. After running for more than a year, it has been running smoothly and normally, without unplanned shutdown, which fully verified the reliability of Hualong technology.

　　CCTV News:In recent years, for the sake of their own interests, individual kindergartens have violated the laws of children’s physical and mental development and cognitive characteristics, taught primary school content in advance, and strengthened knowledge and skills training. The tendency of "primary school" education is serious, which not only deprives children of their childhood happiness, but also dampens their interest in learning.

　　Recently, the General Office of the Ministry of Education issued"Notice on Carrying out the Special Governance of Kindergarten" Primary School "(hereinafter referred to as the" Notice "),Clear governance tasks, governance steps, etc. Relevant departments are required to promote kindergartens to establish a scientific concept of protecting education, implement games as the basic activity, and resolutely correct the tendency of "primary school" through self-examination, comprehensive rectification and special supervision.

　　Governance task

　　It is forbidden to teach the content of primary school curriculum.

　　The "Notice" requires that those who teach Chinese pinyin, literacy, calculation, English and other primary school curriculum contents in advance should be resolutely banned.

　　For kindergartens to arrange children to complete homework and organize exams and tests related to primary school content, we must resolutely correct them.

　　Social training institutions are also not allowed to teach primary school content in advance in the name of preschool and young convergence, and all localities should standardize it in combination with the governance of off-campus training institutions.

　　In view of the fact that kindergartens can’t stick to games as their basic activities and break away from children’s life scenes, they organize and arrange one-day activities mainly by means of centralized classroom teaching; Or by mechanical recitation, memory, copying, calculation, etc., the "Notice" requires that it be resolutely corrected.

　　It is necessary to guide kindergarten directors, teachers and parents to establish a scientific concept of child-rearing, adhere to the principle of children-oriented, respect children’s learning interests and needs, take games as the basic activities, flexibly use various forms such as group, group and individual activities, reasonably arrange and organize children’s daily life, and promote children’s independent games and learning inquiry through personal experience, direct perception and practical operation.

　　Rectify the "primary school" educational environment

　　The "Notice" requires that for those who fail to create various activity areas (corners) according to regulations, do not provide enough playing AIDS, game materials and books, and lack an educational environment that stimulates children’s interest in inquiry, strengthen their physique and play independently, they should adjust the setting of kindergarten activity areas, make rational use of indoor and outdoor environments, create open and diverse regional activity spaces, and equip them with necessary playing AIDS, game materials and picture books that meet the age characteristics of children; We should make full use of local life and natural resources, select, develop and design a number of game activities suitable for children, enrich game resources and meet the basic needs of children to carry out game activities.

　　The "Notice" requires that those who do not have the qualifications of kindergarten teachers should be urged to participate in professional skills compensation training and obtain the qualification certificate of kindergarten teachers through examinations. If they still cannot obtain the qualifications of teachers, they should be adjusted within a time limit.

　　For those who don’t meet the needs of scientific teaching, are used to "primary school" teaching, and are not good at organizing game activities according to the laws and characteristics of children’s physical and mental development, it is necessary to improve kindergarten teachers’ scientific teaching ability by carrying out standardized training on post adaptability.

　　Primary schools adhere to zero starting point teaching.

　　The "Notice" requires that those who fail to implement zero-starting teaching, reduce class hours and exceed the standard in accordance with the national curriculum standards in the initial grade of primary schools, and organize knowledge and ability tests of primary school content for children in enrollment, or take children’s participation in relevant competitions and certificates as the basis for enrollment, we must resolutely correct them, and investigate the responsibilities of principals and relevant teachers according to specific circumstances, and incorporate them into the record of standardized school running integrity.

　　Governance steps

　　Special treatment is divided into four stages.

　　The first stage:Full deployment. Local education administrative departments at all levels should carefully formulate governance plans, clarify work requirements, and complete them before the end of August 2018.

　　The second stage:Self-examination and arrangement. Kindergartens, primary schools and training institutions conduct self-examination as required, and the education administrative department organizes spot checks and arranging, which will be completed by the end of December 2018.

　　The third stage:Comprehensive rectification. According to the situation of self-examination and arrangement, we should persist in making corrections while checking and timely rectification, and resolutely correct all kinds of wrong behaviors with the tendency of "primary school". The overall rectification work will be completed by the end of April 2019.

　　The fourth stage:Special supervision. The State Council Education Steering Committee Office, Ministry of Education and provincial education supervision institutions and education administrative departments will carry out special inspections, which will be completed before the end of June 2019.

　　Implement one-vote veto for annual inspection

　　The "Notice" requires that kindergartens, primary schools and social training institutions with irregular teaching behavior and a tendency of "primary school" should be ordered to make rectification within a time limit. For those with frequent problems and strong social reactions, one-vote veto should be implemented in the annual inspection, and the main responsible person should be seriously investigated.

　　Set up a special telephone and mailbox for reporting supervision.

　　Education administrative departments at all levels should set up special telephone and mailbox for reporting and supervision, and consciously accept the supervision of parents and society. We should make full use of all kinds of media, increase publicity, widely publicize the scientific concept of parenting, and create a good environment for the healthy development of children’s body and mind.

　　Sound sound

　　In the face of the Ministry of Education’s efforts to manage the "primary school" of kindergartens, some netizens have expressed their views.

　　— — Some netizens think that we should take measures to govern and give children a happy childhood. Early childhood education should pay more attention to the cultivation of behavior habits.

　　— — For the "primary school" of kindergartens, parents expressed their helplessness.

　　 What do you think? Welcome to leave a message

　　▌Source: CCTV News, Xinhua News Agency

　　Recently, the Shenzhen Municipal Government Service Data Management Bureau and the Municipal Development and Reform Commission issued the "Tenth Five-Year Development Plan for Digital Government and Smart City in Shenzhen" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"). Planning is a comprehensive, basic and guiding document to promote the construction of Shenzhen digital government and smart city, which means that Shenzhen digital government and smart city have a clearer planning map.

　　The Plan proposes that by 2025, we will build a new international smart city benchmark and a "digital China" city model and become a global digital pioneer city; By 2035, digital transformation will drive the transformation of production methods, lifestyles and governance methods to achieve more remarkable results, realize the leap from digitalization to intelligence, fully support the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity, and become a more competitive, innovative and influential global digital pioneer city.

　　In order to achieve the above objectives, the Plan summarizes the current development foundation and facing situation, and puts forward four aspects of architecture: organizational architecture, overall architecture, data architecture and security architecture, and deploys tasks such as upgrading the new level of digital base, building a new intelligent hub system, creating new advantages of digital government, drawing a new picture of digital society, empowering the new development of digital economy, forming a new pattern of digital ecology, and innovating the work promotion mechanism.

Take the lead in building a benchmark city with digital base.

Five aspects to improve the digital base

　　The construction of digital government and smart city can not be separated from the support of solid digital base. In terms of improving the energy level of the digital base, the Plan focuses on five aspects: comprehensively improving the energy level of the communication network, proactively deploying a computing network, intensively building an integrated cloud platform, improving the spatio-temporal information platform, and accelerating the construction of an IOT perception platform.

　　In order to take the lead in building a benchmark city with digital base, the Plan proposes to build an overall, intensive and comprehensive communication network infrastructure system to realize ubiquitous high-speed network connectivity. Coordinate the layout of the city’s computing power network with data center and edge computing as the main body and intelligent supercomputing as the feature, strengthen the support of scientific and technological capabilities such as algorithms, and realize the overall supply of computing power at the cloud edge. Construct urban mixed cloud ecology and realize the integration of cloud resources. BIM/CIM technology is fully applied to establish three-dimensional digital models of buildings, infrastructure and underground space, build a city-wide spatio-temporal information platform, and build an IOT perception platform to provide strong digital base support for digital government and smart city construction.

　　By 2025, the city big data center, government cloud and government network will be upgraded and expanded in an all-round way, and a space-time information platform will be built to realize the superposition of all elements in the whole region. There are over 30 5G base stations per 10,000 people, over 26,000 standard racks in urban big data centers, over 200 applications of spatio-temporal information platforms, and the BIM model introduction rate of important buildings, municipal infrastructure and water engineering projects reaches 100%. Since 2023, BIM technology has been fully applied in all newly-built (approved and put on record) projects in the city (with an investment of over 10 million yuan and a construction area of over 1,000 square meters).

Take the lead in building a digital government and leading the city.

Create a coordinated, accurate and intelligent

Integral government

　　How to build active, accurate, holistic and intelligent government management and services? In this regard, the "Planning" proposes to accelerate the promotion of the "Three Ones".

Comprehensive deepening of "one network for government services"

The basic realization of "one network unified management" in government governance

The government’s operation of "one network coordination" has basically taken shape.

　　The Plan proposes to further optimize the service content of "I Series" platforms such as "I Shenzhen" and "Shenzhen I Enterprise" and improve the integrated government service system. In the aspect of "unified management through one network", with the platform of "deep governance and wisdom" as the leading traction, focusing on the five functions of government economic regulation, market supervision, social management, public service and ecological environment, aiming at the key and difficult problems in urban operation management, the government governance process reengineering and model optimization are promoted, and the closed loop of business collaborative work under digital conditions is reshaped. In the aspect of "one network collaboration", we will strengthen the construction of unified platform support capacity of digital government and provide intensive and efficient platform support, data support and business support for all districts and departments in the city.

　　By 2025, the "one network to run" government services will be comprehensively deepened — — The online and offline integrated government service system is more perfect, and the government service "one network to run" is deepening from "available and usable" to "easy to use and love to use".

　　The basic realization of "unified management through one network" in government governance — — Establish a city-level integrated decision-making command platform to promote cross-level, cross-regional, cross-system, cross-departmental and cross-business collaborative governance.

　　The "one network coordination" of government operation has basically taken shape — — The digital transformation of party and government organs at all levels has achieved remarkable results, and collaborative management at all levels and departments has become smoother and more efficient.

Boost the high-quality construction of digital society

Let digital achievements benefit the whole people

　　In terms of building a digital society, the Plan proposes to focus on key areas such as education, medical care, old-age care, caring for the young, employment, recreation and sports, and helping the disabled, strengthen the deep integration of information resources, promote more efficient and coordinated online and offline services, and accelerate the creation of an equal and inclusive people’s livelihood service system, so that the achievements of digital society construction can better benefit all citizens.

　　In addition, in order to build a digital society shared by all, the Plan emphasizes promoting the aging transformation of related services, providing convenience for the elderly to use intelligent products and applications, and gradually eliminating the "digital divide" so that the elderly can better integrate into the smart society. Strengthen the education and training of digital skills of the whole people, improve the ability and level of using intelligent technology, and enhance the digital literacy of the whole people.

　　By 2025, digitalization and intelligence will help the "seven excellent people’s livelihood" to be prominent. The whole people enjoy the new mode of digital life, digital products enter thousands of households, and are deeply integrated with various industries in the economy and society. Progress has been made in the transformation of "suitability for the elderly" in various fields of public services, and the "digital divide" has been gradually bridged.

Empower the digital economy to develop with high quality.

Create a new engine for development

　　The Plan proposes that Shenzhen should seize new opportunities for the development of digital economy, give full play to the advantages of massive data and huge market application scale, actively cultivate new technologies, new industries, new formats and new models, vigorously promote the construction of strategic emerging industrial clusters, constantly update industrial forms, continuously upgrade industrial energy levels, and strive to create a new engine for the development of digital economy and lead a smart new life.

　　By 2025, we will conquer a number of digital key core technologies with independent intellectual property rights and form a number of international leading standards. The added value of the core industries of the digital economy accounted for 31% of the city’s GDP, and the revenue from software business exceeded 1.2 trillion yuan. The development of digital economy segments such as 5G, artificial intelligence, software and information services led the country. Build a series of public technical service platforms to support the digital transformation of industries.

Take the lead in building a digital ecological model city

The scale of data transaction and service is leading in China.

　　In terms of building a digital ecology, the Plan proposes to accelerate the implementation of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Data Regulations and gradually improve data property rights, data transactions and other regulations, systems and standard systems. Strengthen cooperation among smart urban agglomerations in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and promote mutual recognition of standards and convergence of rules. Explore the establishment of mechanisms for cross-border data flow and sharing. Build a unified network security architecture in the city, and create an all-weather and all-scene network security guarantee system.

　　By 2025, we will promote the construction of relevant supporting systems of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Data Regulations, complete the pilot reform of market-oriented allocation of data elements, cultivate the data element market, and achieve the national leading in data transaction activity and data service industry scale. The public data service system has been gradually improved. There are no less than 5,000 social open data sets of public data resources, and the coverage rate of "one number and one source" reaches 85%. The system of network security construction, operation, management and standards has been further improved. Deepening foreign cooperation and creating a new paradigm of cooperation in the digital field.

　　It is worth noting that the Plan innovates the work promotion mechanism, explores the establishment of a performance evaluation system and evaluation indicators for digital government and smart city construction, and evaluates the development level of digital government and smart city, as well as the application system construction and use effect of various districts and departments on an annual basis. At the same time, the chief data officer (CDO) was established to clarify the scope of responsibilities and evaluation mechanism of chief data officer, promote the development and utilization of public data, and optimize the allocation of data elements resources.

　

　　The inventory was jointly initiated by the All-China Real Estate Chamber of Commerce & Yihan Think Tank & Enterprise Research Branch of All-China Real Estate Chamber of Commerce, aiming at conveying the warm-hearted strength within the housing enterprises and showing their responsibilities and responsibilities by telling the stories of 88 housing enterprises that moved China.

　　Twenty-one days is enough for people to form a habit. The epidemic spans far more than 21 days, which means that after that, some of our behaviors will eventually be preserved, and the people and things that accompanied us and touched us will also be precipitated in our minds.

　　During the period of "staying at home", the busy workers in the community always manage the daily life for the owners. Every greeting they give and every detail they do is worth remembering.

　　Zhong Lingxiu

　　35 years old, my mother lives alone in her hometown.

　　Tanghu Spring Property Service Center

　　customer service department

　　"Take care of every owner with the attitude of caring for his family"

　　Customer service staff is one of the workers who have the closest contact with the owners, and they are the first people who think of problems when the owners live. Their daily work involves the coordination and communication of all kinds of trivial matters in community life, which can be described as meticulous. Customer service worker Zhong Lingxiu is one of them, but at the same time, she is also the spiritual sustenance of her elderly mother.

　　During the epidemic, with the encouragement of his mother, Zhong Lingxiu stuck to the front line of community epidemic prevention. After learning that the owner of Building No.8, who she was in charge of, had chest tightness symptoms and was found to be slightly suspicious, she contacted the owner at the first time to ask about her life.

　　"The owner is unwell, and he should have already suffered some pressure emotionally. He should not be troubled by the inconvenience of life."

　　Zhong Lingxiu said that these actions, such as purchasing daily necessities for the owner, disposing of domestic garbage and collecting express delivery, are only part of his work. For her, customer service work is never a standardized action process, but a careful observation of the needs of owners, treating each owner as a family member and caring for each owner with a caring attitude.

　　In the state of home isolation, the owner asked to scan the QR code to pay the property fee in advance because he could not thank him in person, and expressed his gratitude by actively supporting the property and customer service staff.

　　Xu Huili

　　new mother

　　Shangdongcheng property service center

　　customer service department

　　"I want to warm this winter with my thoughts on my children."

　　At the beginning of 2020, for Xu Huili, she was not only moved by being a mother for the first time, but also assumed the responsibility of sticking to her post. According to the regional requirements, the owner of the project she is responsible for needs to apply for a "five-color card", and everyone can enter and leave with the card. Xu Huili is worried that there is a risk of gathering infection when the owners go out to get the card, and proposes to send the card in person.

　　There are many owners in the whole project, so it is necessary to allocate the cards one by one according to the category, and the owners should not be delayed from going out. Xu Huili gave up an hour’s breastfeeding leave every day and devoted herself to the work.

　　The closest to the risk is to provide services for an owner who returned to Chengdu from Xiangyang, Hubei Province and was isolated at home. From the daily temperature measurement, to the purchase of living materials and garbage disposal, Xu Huili took care of it all.

　　"I have never thought about this problem. Usually, the owners are very cooperative with our work. This epidemic also hopes to spend it with them." When asked if increasing the contact range of the owners was worried about infection, Xu Huili replied.

　　Zhang Hui

　　After 95

　　East zone yundi property service center

　　Customer service assistant

　　"I am the’ No.11 bus’ connecting the community and the supermarket."

　　In the eyes of the owners of Yundi project in the East District, Zhang Hui’s performance equates the two labels "post-95" and "sense of responsibility".

　　After the outbreak of the epidemic, people almost talked about "going out" and the situation of snapping up in the early stage made it more difficult to purchase materials. However, Zhang Hui did not hesitate at all. He took over the procurement of materials and carefully divided the implementation steps: cart disinfection, purchasing bags and materials disinfection, self-disinfection, and wearing masks for distribution.

　　This action is repeated several times a day. By the time he delivers fresh ingredients to more than 400 owners in charge and returns to the office with peace of mind, the working meal is already cold. Owners in the area often feel sorry for the young man, but in the face of praise and thanks, Zhang Hui just smiled shyly and buried himself in the next round of procurement work.

　　Zhu Xiaoping

　　Dongyuehui property service center

　　Order department

　　"This year’s’ New Year’s Eve’ is in my charge."

　　Since January 23rd, Zhu Xiaoping has not had a day off, and at the same time, he has served as the order maintainer of the community and the logistics support staff of 33 colleagues.

　　When the restaurant was closed due to the epidemic and the front-line staff were inconvenient to eat, Zhu Xiaoping went back and forth between the project and the supermarket to buy a large number of ingredients for all the staff to ensure that every colleague could eat normally. This is not Zhu Xiaoping’s job, but he always seems to feel that other colleagues are busier and more bitter than himself, hoping to make more contributions to front-line work with his own specialty.

　　There is a slogan on the project, which is called "The project is my home and serves everyone". Zhu Xiaoping often repeats this sentence. In this Spring Festival when he can’t accompany his family, he has only one simple wish, that is, to take care of his project colleagues.

　　Write it at the end

　　In the special period of epidemic, when people all over the country are under great psychological pressure, the employees of Yuanhong Property under Lanrun Group always remember their mission, stick to the front line and silently guard thousands of households with their ordinary bodies. I believe that after the outbreak, this heavy touch will also follow the owner’s life.

This article was first published on WeChat WeChat official account: Yihan Think Tank. The content of the article belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hexun.com’s position. Investors should operate accordingly, at their own risk.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, December 15th Topic: News Analysis: Promoting High-quality Development with Tariff Adjustment —— Analysis of China’s new tariff regulations in 2022

Xinhua News Agency reporter Shen Cheng, Liu Hongxia

At the end of each year, China will adjust the tariff rate of some imported goods according to the economic and social development. With the approval of the State Council, the State Council Customs Tariff Commission issued a notice on 15th, clarifying the tariff adjustment plan for 2022.

Experts and industry insiders interviewed by Xinhua News Agency said that this adjustment has reduced tariffs on some medical products, consumer goods, key components and other imported goods, which will further meet the needs of people’s lives, enterprise production and social development, help maintain the security and stability of the domestic industrial chain supply chain, support scientific and technological innovation and industrial transformation and upgrading, expand high-level opening up and promote high-quality development.

Focus on people’s livelihood concerns and adjust the provisional tax rates for some medical products and consumer goods.

From January 1, 2022, China will impose a provisional import tax rate lower than the most-favored-nation tax rate on 954 commodities.

The reporter checked the schedule of the notice and found that many of the imported goods that adjusted the provisional tax rate were medical products related to people’s livelihood, such as new anticancer drug radium chloride injection, intracranial embolectomy stent, artificial joint and so on.

Wang Jun, director of the Department of Neurointervention, Department of Neurology, PLA General Hospital, paid special attention to the product of intracranial embolectomy stent. "Intracranial embolectomy stent is a kind of instrument to take out the formed cerebral thrombosis. After reducing the import tariff this time, it will reduce the cost of the instrument and reduce the treatment cost for patients."

Since 2018, China has successively cancelled the tariffs on the first and second batches of anticancer drugs, raw materials for rare diseases and some alkaloids used to treat asthma, reducing the import tariffs on artificial heart valves, hearing AIDS and other medical equipment. "Looking back at the tentative tax rate adjustment in recent years, the goal of reducing the economic burden of patients and improving people’s health and well-being is clear." Xu Guangjian, a professor at the School of Public Administration of Renmin University of China, said.

The notice clearly stated that in 2022, import tariffs on some consumer goods will be reduced, including high-quality aquatic products such as salmon and cod, baby clothes, dishwashers, ski equipment, etc. It will also impose zero tariffs on works of art such as oil paintings over 100 years old.

"Reducing import tariffs on these products closely related to people’s lives can better meet people’s consumption upgrading needs and better meet people’s yearning for a better life." Guo Yongxin, secretary general of China National Light Industry Federation, said.

Promote transformation and upgrading, and adjust the provisional tax rates for some environmental products and key components.

Promoting green and low-carbon development is a highlight of this tariff adjustment. According to the notice, in 2022, import tariffs will be reduced for gasoline engine particulate traps, electronic throttle valves for automobiles, and peat that can be used for soil remediation.

Huang Yonghe, a senior expert at China Automotive Technology and Research Center, said that gasoline engine particulate traps, electronic throttle valves and other products are important parts to promote energy saving and emission reduction of automobiles. After reducing tariffs, it will help support the green and low-carbon development of the automobile industry.

A number of tariff adjustments help optimize and upgrade the manufacturing industry. For example, in 2022, the import tariffs on key parts such as high purity graphite accessories, high-voltage cables for high-speed trains, membrane electrode assemblies and bipolar plates for fuel cells will be reduced, and the import tariffs on raw materials needed by food processing, daily chemical and leather manufacturing industries such as cocoa beans, plant essential oils and animal skins will be reduced.

In addition, from July 1, 2022, China will also implement the seventh step of reducing the MFN tariff rate of 62 information technology products, and its average tax rate will be reduced from 3.4% to 1.7%.

According to industry insiders, these measures are based on domestic development needs, which is conducive to maintaining the security and stability of the domestic industrial chain supply chain, supporting scientific and technological innovation and industrial transformation and upgrading, and promoting green and low-carbon development.

Promote high-level opening to the outside world and adjust the relevant agreed tax rates.

In order to continuously promote high-level opening up, according to the free trade agreements and preferential trade arrangements signed between China and relevant countries or regions, some commodities originating in 29 countries or regions will be subject to agreed tax rates in 2022.

Among them, China and New Zealand, Peru, Costa Rica, Switzerland, Iceland, South Korea, Australia, Pakistan, Georgia, Mauritius and other bilateral free trade agreements and Asia-Pacific trade agreements will further reduce taxes; Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) and China-Cambodia Free Trade Agreement came into effect on January 1, 2022, and tax reduction was implemented.

It is worth noting that the China-Cambodia FTA is the first FTA between China and the least developed countries. "China and Cambodia have given each other 97.5% and 90% of the tax items for zero-tariff products in goods trade, which is the highest level in all FTA negotiations between the two sides so far and will help enhance the well-being of enterprises and people of the two countries." The relevant person in charge of the Customs Department of the Ministry of Finance said.

In terms of regional comprehensive economic partnership agreement, China will reach a tariff concession arrangement with Japan for the first time. "In the first year of tax reduction, according to the tariff items in 2022, China and Japan will immediately implement zero tariffs on tax items originating in the other side of 24.9% and 55.5% respectively. For related companies, more market opportunities will soon be available. " Cui Fan, a professor at university of international business and economics, said.

In addition, the reporter learned that the State Council Customs Tariff Commission issued an announcement on the same day, expanding the range of products exported to China by the least developed countries that have established diplomatic relations with China, giving the least developed countries 98% of the tax items with zero tariff treatment, and agricultural products such as peanut oil and chemicals such as polyethylene will be included in the scope of zero tariff treatment.

"This will further promote China’s imports from relevant African countries, promote the construction of a high-level community of destiny between China and Africa, further share market opportunities with the least developed countries, and practice mutual benefit and win-win." The relevant person in charge of the Customs Department of the Ministry of Finance said.

　　Chinanews. com client January 3 rd Comprehensive news, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow warning of blizzard on the morning of the 3 rd. It is predicted that there will be snowstorms in Shaanxi, Hubei, Henan, Anhui and other local areas in the next 24 hours. Today and tomorrow, a round of rain and snow will enter the peak stage, and the precipitation will spread to 23 provinces, and the local precipitation may exceed the historical extreme value, so it is necessary to guard against the adverse effects on traffic.

　　There are snowstorms in five provinces including Shanxi, Hubei and Henan, and freezing rain in Hubei and Guizhou.

　　Affected by the eastward movement of the south branch trough and the southward cold air, a large-scale rain and snow weather process will occur in most parts of central and eastern China from 3 to 4, with moderate to heavy snow in the eastern part of northwest China, southwestern part of North China, most of Huanghuai, Jianghan, Jianghuai and other places. Among them, there are heavy snow in parts of central and southern Shaanxi, western and northern Hubei, southern Henan, northern Jiangsu and Anhui, local heavy snow, and freezing in parts of southwestern Hubei, northwestern Hunan and northeastern Guizhou.

　　From 8: 00 on the 3rd to 8: 00 on the 4th, there were heavy snowstorms in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hubei, Henan and Anhui. There are moderate to heavy snow or sleet in the eastern part of northwest China, south-central Shanxi, central and western Huanghuai, northern Jianghuai, Jianghan and southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, among which there are heavy snow (10 ~ 18 mm) in parts of south-central Shaanxi, western and northern Hubei, southern Henan and northwestern Anhui. There are moderate to heavy rains and local heavy rains in parts of the eastern and southern parts of southwest China, northern Jiangnan and northwestern Guangxi. There will be 6-8 winds and 9-10 gusts in the northern, central and southern parts of the South China Sea and bashi channel, and the winds in some sea areas can reach 9 and 10-11 gusts.

　　From 8: 00 on the 4th to 8: 00 on the 5th, there were heavy snowstorms in Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places. There are moderate to heavy snow or sleet in southern North China, most of Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan, northwestern Jiangnan and northeastern China. Among them, there are blizzards in parts of southeastern Henan and central and northern Jiangsu and Anhui, and there are heavy blizzards in the local area. There are freezing rains in parts of northwestern Hunan and eastern Guizhou. There are small to moderate rains in the eastern part of southwest China, southern Yunnan, central and eastern Jiangnan, and southern China, and there is heavy rain in the local area. There will be 6-8 winds and 9-10 gusts in the southwestern part of the South China Sea.

　　From 8: 00 on the 5th to 8: 00 on the 6th, the snowfall in the central and eastern regions gradually weakened. There are small to medium snow or sleet in western Inner Mongolia, eastern Northwest China, western North China, western Huanghuai, Jianghan, western Jianghuai and northwestern Jiangnan, with heavy snow in the local area, and freezing rain in parts of southwestern Hubei, western Hunan and eastern Guizhou. There is light rain in the eastern part of Southwest China, southern Yunnan, central and eastern Jiangnan, southern China and Taiwan Province, and there is moderate rain or heavy rain in the local area. In the northern part of the East China Sea, there will be northerly winds with 6-8 grades and gusts of 9 grades.

　　Rain and snow affected snowstorms or extreme values in 23 provinces, such as Henan and Hubei.

　　According to the news of China Weather Network, it is predicted that the first round of rain and snow will enter the peak stage this year and tomorrow, and the precipitation will spread to 23 provinces in northwest, north China, southwest and south of the Yangtze River, among which there will be heavy snow in parts of five provinces including Shaanxi, Henan and Hubei. Snowfall is beneficial to the growth of overwintering crops, and can reduce dryness and eliminate haze, but the local precipitation may exceed the historical extreme value, so it is necessary to guard against the adverse effects on traffic.

　　The monitoring shows that the rain and snow process has a wide range, which will spread to the eastern northwest, southern North China, the eastern southwest and Jiangnan, affecting 23 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and the precipitation range will exceed 4 million square kilometers. Among them, heavy snowfall lasts for a long time in southwestern Shaanxi, Henan, northern Anhui and northern Jiangsu.

　　Today and tomorrow, rain and snow will enter the peak stage, with heavy snow in parts of Shaanxi, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places. Among them, today’s rain and snow are the most prosperous, and the boundary between rain and snow will also move eastward and southward to the south of Shaanxi, the northwest of Hubei and the Jiangsu-Anhui-Huaihe River. The day after tomorrow, a large range of rain and snow developed eastward, and the dividing line between rain and snow further pressed southward and eastward.

　　In addition, snow and ice will also have an adverse impact on traffic. On the highway side, this snowfall may lead to more than 10 cm of snow in the areas of southern Shaanxi, southwestern Shanxi, western Hubei, south-central Henan and northern Jiangsu and Anhui. The sections of Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, Daguang Expressway, Erguang Expressway, Lianhuo Expressway, Shanghai-Shaanxi Expressway and Ningluo Expressway passing through the above areas may be temporarily closed on 3-4 days. In terms of air transport, flights may be delayed or even cancelled at airports in Xi ‘an, Zhengzhou and Xuzhou. Remind the public with travel plans to arrange their trips reasonably, and pay attention to traffic safety and drive carefully when going out.

　　The cooling area crosses the Yangtze River, Wuhan, Changsha and other places with the highest temperature near freezing point.

　　Yesterday, under the influence of rainy weather and cold air, there was a large-scale cooling from northwest, north and northeast to Huanghuai, western Jianghuai and Jianghan. The monitoring shows that the temperature in Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, western Inner Mongolia, Shanxi to Henan, northern Shandong and northern Anhui dropped by 4-8℃ compared with the previous day, and the local temperature was about 10℃.

　　Today and tomorrow, with the full spread of rain and snow and the influence of cold air, the cooling area will gradually cross the Yangtze River and extend to the southwest and most of the south of the Yangtze River. It is estimated that the maximum temperature zero line will be pushed south to Huanghuai area on the 4th to 5th. For example, the maximum temperatures in Xi ‘an and Zhengzhou will fall below freezing point for the first time this winter, and Wuhan, Hefei, Nanjing and Changsha in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River will also drop to 0℃.

　　The lowest temperature zero line will extend to the Yangtze River again, and it will be wet and cold in the morning and evening. However, in the eastern part of northwest China, the western and northern parts of North China and the western part of Huanghuai, it will fall below -10℃, and it is also a frozen person. For example, in Zhengzhou, the highest temperature is still 9.2℃ on the 1st, and it will drop to -4℃ on the 5th, which is more than 10℃ lower than normal. On the morning of the 5th, the lowest temperature may be as low as -11℃, which will not only be the lowest temperature since this winter, but also break the record of the lowest temperature since 2000.

　　Beijing’s cold wind blew and the highest temperature dropped to freezing point on the 4th.

　　It is expected that the north wind will rise again in Beijing today, with a gust of 5-6. The public should pay attention to wind protection and warmth when going out. It will be cloudy in the next three days, and the temperature will drop to the lowest point this week tomorrow. The highest temperature is only 0℃, and the lowest temperature is -8℃ from night to the next morning. The chill is strong, so it is necessary to pay attention to cold protection.

　　The temperature in Beijing will fluctuate in the next three days. Today, the north wind is relatively strong during the day. The Beijing Meteorological Observatory predicts that it will turn sunny to cloudy during the day, with north winds of three or four, gusts of five or six, and the highest temperature of 2 C; It is cloudy at night, with a northerly wind of four or three, and the lowest temperature is -5℃.

　　It will turn cloudy tomorrow and the temperature will drop to the lowest point this week. It is estimated that the maximum temperature during the day is only 0℃, and the minimum temperature from night to the next morning is -8℃, with a strong chill. It will be cloudy and sunny the day after tomorrow, and the maximum temperature will rise to 3℃.

　　When the summer vacation comes every year, there are always many children who start their vacation with preview — — Young and small, small and early, rising at the beginning, a seemingly homework-free transition period.

　　Should children be allowed to play freely or go to training classes? Many parents are confused.

　　Yesterday, the reporter interviewed a number of well-known primary and secondary school teachers and compiled a summer guide for the transition period.

　　Chongqing Evening News-Upstream journalist Wang Wei Zhang Chunlian Intern Qin Xiaoya Song Lingping Photo courtesy of the interviewee

　　What if my son is naughty?

　　Ms. Jiang, a 34-year-old single mother who lives in Longxi Town, Yubei District, is very worried about her son Lele. She will enter Longxi Primary School in Yubei District next semester, but now she plays mobile phones and watches cartoons at her grandparents’ home every day.

　　She said, "I’m afraid my children can’t keep up with them when they go to primary school, but I don’t know what to do."

　　Ms. Jiang said that her son was naughty, because she was busy with work and didn’t have much time to discipline, and she was worried that it would be difficult for her son to integrate into the group after attending primary school.

　　How to make a daughter develop in an all-round way?

　　After the summer vacation, Deng Shujun, who lives in Binxin Jiangnan era in Banan District, still sends her daughter Qiqi to kindergarten every morning to attend a small transition class. Qiqi is 6 years old and will soon enter Songhua River Primary School.

　　Deng Shujun feels that her daughter needs to adapt to the life and study in primary school in advance. She said that her daughter has been in a young bridging class for 10 days. In addition to the schedule and the primary school, the classroom knowledge is close to the primary school. "Kiki is quite used to it, but I don’t know if I can adapt as soon as I really enter primary school."

　　In addition to enrolling her daughter in a one-month transition class, Deng Shujun plans to enroll in a language class and a painting class next month. "I hope my daughter will develop in an all-round way." Deng Shujun said.

　　老师建议》》

　　The interviewed teachers believe that this summer vacation, parents can let their children preview and experience the primary school curriculum properly by guiding and letting their children read the connecting classes. The most important thing is to cultivate children’s good habits and let them lay a good psychological foundation.

　　Develop good habits of work and rest

　　Tang Jing, a math teacher at Majiapu Primary School, said that after entering the primary school, the school has strict requirements, and the school time is early. Children can’t sleep late, can’t procrastinate, can’t be late casually, and can’t ask for leave casually. The noon nap time is cancelled, and the study schedule is more compact. Every specific time has specific things to do.

　　Tang Jing suggested that parents:

　　First of all, in order to let children develop good habits of work and rest, in addition to letting children go to the young transition class, they should also adjust their work and rest time appropriately, get up at around 7 o’clock every day, go to bed at 9 o’clock in the evening, and shorten the nap time appropriately. Before and after dinner, parents should discuss some activities with their children, such as painting, playing the piano, playing with toys, reading books, etc., so that children’s lives are full of rhythm.

　　Secondly, let the children form the habit of packing their own things, and let the children sort out toys and articles and put them in categories. Teach children to put away their things, where they took them and where they put them at the end of painting, reading storybooks and learning. Let children gradually develop the habit of checking school supplies every day according to their learning situation.

　　Third, develop good homework habits, including the habit of doing homework first and then playing after returning home; The habit of calming down and concentrating on homework. Never eat for a while, watch TV for a while and do other things for a while. In addition, it is necessary to cultivate children’s habit of completing homework independently.

　　Instill a certain safety awareness.

　　Wang Ling, a Chinese teacher at Coral Primary School, said that children who have just entered the first grade are weak in acceptance, and it is difficult for them to adapt to school life for a while. She suggested that parents should exercise their children’s will quality during the holidays and let them know some school rules in advance.

　　Secondly, cultivate children to treat their own shortcomings correctly. Many children play games with their classmates in the first grade, but they don’t want to admit it when they lose, and they will make a scene. Parents should take advantage of the summer vacation to correct their children’s personality weaknesses and give them more education on collective spirit.

　　In addition, because primary school life is more independent than kindergarten, parents should also instill a certain sense of safety in children.

　　It’s easy to be partial if you’re not careful?

　　13-year-old Youyou graduated from Liangping’s hometown primary school this summer and moved into her new home in Chunyu Jiangshan Community, Yuzhong District. In more than a month, she will enter Daping Middle School.

　　My 27-year-old sister reminded Youyou that junior high school subjects are not as monotonous as primary schools, and it is easy to be partial if you are not careful. To this end, my sister found some summer vacation strategies from the internet, so that my sister could digest and learn by herself. In addition, my sister also arranged for my sister to practice calligraphy, learn to take photos, participate in outdoor activities, etc., and also bought study materials and some seventh-grade papers.

　　"My family is more nervous than me." Travel lobbying, although this summer vacation was not arranged by my family, the study time was quite full. "I am full of expectations for the new study life in junior high school."

　　Mathematics is a weakness. How to improve it?

　　13-year-old Yueyue lives in Tongyuan Community in Banan District. She went to primary school in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, and will return to Chongqing to attend middle school in September.

　　Yueyue said that she was a little nervous and was about to enter a new school, meet new classmates and learn different subjects. Therefore, she will preview the textbooks at home this summer vacation.

　　"Primary schools are mainly Chinese, mathematics and English, and there are more subjects in junior high school. With so many subjects, I am worried that my daughter can’t adapt at once, and I don’t know how to make her adapt as soon as possible. " Ms. Wang, the mother of Yueyue, told reporters that her education level is not high, and she doesn’t know how to help her children study this summer vacation. "From the perspective of primary school performance, my daughter’s mathematics is a weakness. I heard that girls went to junior high school and it was more difficult for them to learn math than boys. I handed over the burden of tutoring to her brother, arranged to preview junior high school math, and bought a junior high school exercise book to practice in advance. "

　　老师建议》》

　　Entering junior high school, subjects have increased a lot. The reporter interviewed teachers from Chongqing No.29 Middle School, Chongqing Foreign Language School and Chongqing Daping Middle School. Teachers said that junior high school is the sublimation of primary school, junior high school students’ lives are more independent, and their study subjects have increased. The focus of the subjects is mainly on the number of languages, and physics and chemistry begin to learn in the second and third grades respectively.

　　Teachers of different subjects gave suggestions for connecting the summer vacation of Xiaoshengchu.

　　Language: Read one hour of famous books every day.

　　Wu Lianzi, a Chinese teacher from the 29th Chinese Language School, said that junior high school students should pay more attention to reading and read for more than one hour every day. The Journey to the West and Luxun are required readings, and Sun Li’s Baiyangdian, Li Ruzhen’s Flowers in the Mirror, Turgenev’s Notes on Hunters and Shen Congwen’s Notes on Xiangxing are also selected readings.

　　After reading every day, make some reading notes, including reading content, wonderful paragraphs, feelings and experiences.

　　It is also necessary to practice calligraphy. Choose your own block letters and copy one page every day.

　　Mathematics: improving abstract logical thinking ability

　　Deng Zejuan, a math teacher from No.29 Middle School, said that algebra started to be studied in the first grade. This subject is closely related to old and new knowledge, with strong concepts, enhanced spatial imagination and higher requirements for abstract logical thinking. In addition to the deepening and expansion of teaching content, middle school teaching methods are also different from primary schools, which requires students to improve their learning methods, improve their learning ability and gradually develop their abstract thinking ability.

　　This summer vacation, you can preview the knowledge of rational numbers and algebraic expression operation in Grade One (I). Consolidate and strengthen the knowledge and ability related to primary school and junior high school, such as doing four operations of fractions and finding the areas of triangles, parallelograms, trapezoid, circles, irregular polygons, etc. Read books about the history of mathematics or interesting mathematics, such as Mathematical Legends Not Heard in Class: Junior High School Edition, Junior High School Teaching, etc.

　　English: Watch the original "Home alone"

　　Li Fanlun, an English teacher at Chongqing Foreign Languages School, said that in terms of teaching methods, English classes in primary schools pay more attention to cultivating students’ interests, and attract students’ attention through colorful classroom activities so that students don’t feel bored. Junior high school teachers pay more attention to systematic learning of knowledge.

　　It is suggested to practice English writing more during the summer vacation, review primary school English knowledge, recite words, read original English books and watch English movies, such as Home Alone, Finding Nemo and The Wizard of Oz.

　　It is also a good choice to participate in Xiaoshengchu Summer Camp, which includes various activities such as sports, singing and dancing, talking with foreign teachers and experiencing advanced teaching.

　　Others: Pay attention to domestic and international events.

　　Teachers from No.29 Middle School and Daping Middle School suggested:

　　1. Preview the teaching materials in advance, read through the teaching materials, and focus on previewing the contents of the previous chapters.

　　2. Watch CCTV news broadcast every day and pay attention to domestic and international events.

　　3. Read The Complete Works of Chinese Five Thousand Years Up and Down (Literary Edition) to broaden your horizons.

　　The world is so big, go out and have a look, learn about history, increase your knowledge and enrich your life during the tour.

　　5. Do more physical science experiments.

　　6. Before learning chemistry, the most important thing is to memorize the chemical language, including reciting the periodic table of elements and chemical equations.

　　Will you encounter a duel in the first year of high school?

　　Dai Song, a 15-year-old member, graduated from Sungang Middle School in Shenzhen in junior high school and will soon return to Chongqing to attend senior high school.

　　Member Dai Song said that although he learned something about the study and life in senior high schools from his classmates, he was still worried. "Compared with junior high school, will there be a big difference, especially in the difficulty of subjects? Is it step by step or suddenly?"

　　For the arrangement of this summer vacation, member Dai Song wants to go out for a month to relax, and then preview some contents of high school, with the emphasis on science. "The friends around me are in remedial classes. I may also sign up and learn something in advance. It may be easier to go to high school."

　　要不要沿用初中那一套？

　　即将上高二的杨莎，16岁，就读重庆市第十一中学校。回忆两年前中考完的那个暑假，至今后悔不迭。

　　杨莎说，经历了中考以后，整个人放松下来，要么天天看电视、上网，要么外出旅游，根本没有安排时间预习，导致刚上高一时陷入迷茫中。

　　杨莎说，高一课程无论数量还是难度，比初中增加不少。对她来说，语文、英语还好对付，数学、物理、化学就吃力了。“我没有及时调整学习方法，仍沿用初中那一套，认为只要上课听懂了就行，不注重提炼总结。再加上，我没有提前预习高中理科的相关课程，学习总是偏被动，久而久之，就被拉开了差距。”杨莎说，足足经过了近一学期调整，总算找回了状态。“如果时间能够倒流，我一定会在那个暑假制定一些学习计划，让自己尽快适应高一，不至于经历一些不必要的心理落差。”

　　老师建议》》

　　重庆第二外国语学校党政办公室主任彭光勇表示，进入高中后，如果没有良好的学习态度，缺乏科学有效的学习方法和刻苦钻研精神，初中的尖子生很容易滑落下来。

　　For this critical transition period, the teacher of Chongqing Second Foreign Language School gave some suggestions.

　　Chinese: Reciting articles must be recited.

　　1. Look at the news and accumulate as many headlines as possible.

　　2. Recharge reading, and recommend Youth Digest, The Analects of Confucius and Yi Zhongtian’s China Wisdom.

　　3. Recite all the basic articles required to be recited in junior high school. Because, the college entrance examination must have 64 articles, including 50 junior high schools.

　　4. Prepare the ancient Chinese dictionary (business press), the sixth edition of the modern Chinese dictionary (business press), and the Chinese knowledge manual for senior high school.

　　Math: Poor junior high school foundation makes it harder to refuel.

　　1. Review the old and learn the new, and learn more about junior high school knowledge, such as factorization of quadratic trinomial, cubic and cubic difference formulas, complete square and cubic formulas, image properties of quadratic function, root formula of quadratic equation with one variable, vieta theorem (relationship between roots and coefficients) and so on.

　　2. Start ahead and preview a compulsory textbook for senior high school mathematics. If the foundation of junior high school is weak, it is even more necessary to make use of holiday time to make up for it, so as to lay a good foundation for learning senior high school courses well.

　　English: Learn to sing more English songs.

　　During the holidays, it is recommended to do at least one thing related to English every day:

　　1. Cultivate reading habits, cultivate a sense of language, and improve language understanding.

　　2. Practice writing, neat and beautiful.

　　Learn to sing at least one English song and recommend Heal the World, Lemon Tree and Yesterday Once More.

　　Others: Watch the news broadcast every day.

　　Politics: 1. Learn to get effective information from TV and Internet, and enrich your vision and mind; 2. Watch CCTV news broadcast and focus interview every day.

　　Physics: 1. Borrow a compulsory physics textbook for senior one, buy a physics reference book for senior one, preview each section, take notes, memorize concepts and formulas, and finish homework after class; 2. Do a little experiment in the textbook and experience the mystery of physics.

　　Chemistry: 1. Master the reading and writing methods of the most common chemical terms; 2. Preview the first chemistry textbook, complete at least the first two chapters, do exercises after class, and get a preliminary understanding of the learning content, textbook presentation and learning methods in senior high school.

　　Biology: 1. Read through the four volumes of junior high school, especially the structure of cells, the use of microscopes, the structure and physiology of human body, the life of green flowering plants, ecology and other contents, which are necessary knowledge reserves for senior high school biology learning; 2. Borrow a compulsory textbook from the People’s Education Edition of senior high school courses, and focus on previewing the first four chapters.

　　History: 1. Take a look at junior high school history textbooks, sort out major events at home and abroad, and describe the ins and outs of events and their interrelationships; 2. Watch a little historical film and television literature.

　　Geography: 1. Review the four books of junior high school geography and sort out the knowledge framework, because junior high school geography is an important part of the college entrance examination and the basis for learning senior high school geography well; 2. Buy a map of China and the world administrative regions.