月度归档 2025年4月26日

Pentium pony is about to attract brand-new models, so it’s really comfortable to have large space.

Space and vehicle comfort are closely related, and this car is brought to you today. Let’s take a look at it together.

First look at the appearance of the Pentium pony. The front of the Pentium pony looks very simple and generous, which makes people unforgettable. Coupled with tough headlights, it is very eye-catching. The car is equipped with etc. Come to the side of the car, the car body size is 3000MM*1510MM*1630MM, the car uses dignified lines, the car side looks very calm, with large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is quite dignified. Looking back, the tail line of Pentium pony is fashionable, the taillights are very domineering and the shape is relatively simple.

In terms of interior, the interior modeling has taken a solid route and the visual effect is quite unique. The car looks very good outside the steering wheel, made of plastic, and feels good. Take a look at the central control. The design of the center console is reasonable, which makes the interior design quite layered, which is in line with the temperament of the car. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats again. The dashboard of this car presents a flamboyant design style, which is very eye-catching. The car uses a fabric seat, which is wrapped in place and has good support and comfort.

Pentium pony matching gearbox, 30KW, 90N.m, good power performance.

The car is equipped with Bluetooth /WIFI connection, sun visor mirror, USB interface, uphill assist, rear reversing radar and other configurations, which is quite rich in functions, which is undoubtedly very friendly to drivers.

After reading the above description, Xiaobian will make a summary. I wonder if you are excited about this car introduced today?

Notice of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Economy and Information Technology on Organizing the Publication of the Second Batch of Foundation Construction Projects for High-tech Industries in 2023

  In order to implement the decision-making arrangements of the municipal party committee and the municipal government on upgrading the modernization level of the industrial chain supply chain, and accelerate the construction of an international science and technology innovation center, according to the deployment of the "Development Plan for High-tech Industries in Beijing during the Tenth Five-Year Plan", based on enhancing the independent and controllable capabilities of the industrial chain and supply chain, focusing on the weak links of the industry, and carrying out the engineering research on key basic technologies and products, the second batch of high-tech industry foundation projects will be organized and unveiled in 2023.

  First, the research direction and support standards

  (A) the direction of tackling key problems

  1. The field of hydrogen energy

  (1) Direction of combined valve of 1)70MPa automobile hydrogen bottle

  2. Field of medical robots

  (1) High real-time tracking and intelligent navigation device for surgical robot.

  (2) Robot intelligent mobile platform

  (3) fracture reduction operation planning and control system

  3. The field of cell and gene therapy drugs

  (1)GMP-level transfection reagent

  (2) Cell cryopreservation solution

  (3) Cell reprogramming reagent

  (4) Cell cryopreservation bag

  (5) Large magnetic frame

  (6) Cell washing, concentration and liquid exchange equipment with ultra-Qualcomm capacity.

  (7) Gene Transduction Equipment

  4. Cloud native domain

  (1)OpenNJet HTTP3 state secret SSL suite module 

  (2)OpenNJet HTTP3 proxy module

  (3)OpenNJet MQTT protocol proxy module

  (4)OpenNJet WASM module

  (5)OpenNJet HTTP3 proxy enhancement module.

  (6)OpenNJet dynamic protocol plug-in module

  5. Database field (distributed relational type)

  (1) Research and development of key algorithms and module technologies for heterogeneous database migration.

  (2) Supporting standards

  For the project units registered in our city, support shall be given according to 30% of the investment for tackling key problems approved by the project, and the amount of support in a single direction shall not exceed 30 million yuan, and the funds shall be allocated annually.

  Second, the reporting requirements and instructions

  (a) reporting conditions and requirements

  1 to encourage enterprises and consortia with the ability to tackle key problems nationwide to expose the list. The party receiving the list should be in good operation and financial condition, and have no serious record of dishonesty in the past three years.

  2. The construction site of the project is in this city, which meets the requirements of this city’s industrial policy and has complete procedures. The research period should not exceed 3 years, and the start time should be later than January 1, 2023.

  3 to declare the project should not be supported by other municipal financial funds.

  4. The applicant shall submit the application materials as required. The applicant voluntarily fills in relevant materials, promises relevant matters, and is responsible for the authenticity and accuracy of the materials provided.

  (2) Time and process of declaration

  1. Detailed indicators and parameters of the research direction can be obtained by consulting the corresponding business offices in each direction (see Annex 2 for details).

  2. Eligible reporting units, please submit the materials (three sets of paper version and one set of electronic version) to the corresponding business offices in all directions as required (see the annex for details) before October 20, 2023. Paper version materials shall be made in accordance with A4 paper binding, and the cover and riding seam shall be stamped with the official seal of the project reporting unit.

  (3) Other matters

  1. The project unit shall carry out project management in accordance with the Measures of Beijing Municipality for the Management of Development Funds for High-tech Industries, and accept the follow-up inspection, acceptance review and performance supervision by the relevant departments of the urban area, such as the letter, finance and so on. In case of concealment, concealment, fraud or violation of commitments, Beijing Economic and Information Technology Bureau has the right to pursue relevant legal responsibilities and recover funds. At the same time, it will incorporate the untrustworthy information of the project unit into the Beijing public credit information service platform and implement credit punishment according to laws and regulations.

  2. Contact person for policy consultation:

  Planning Department: Zong Zhigang, 55578586; Zou Genhong, 55578179.

  Technical support: customer service staff of Beijing Tongqi Service APP, 82176966; Beijing high-tech industrial development fund system operation and maintenance personnel, 55578555.

National Health Commission: Strengthen the coordinated development of medical insurance and medicine

At the press conference held by the National Health and Wellness Committee on February 28th on the progress and effectiveness of health and wellness, Mi Feng, spokesperson of the Committee and deputy director of the Propaganda Department, introduced that the main health indicators of Chinese residents are currently in the forefront of middle-and high-income countries.

Continuously meet the health service needs of the people.

Zhuang Ning, deputy director of the Department of Physical Reform of the National Health and Wellness Commission, said that in recent years, the National Health and Wellness Commission has actively played a leading and coordinating role in medical reform and strengthened the coordinated development of medical care, medical insurance and medicine with relevant departments.

Zhuang Ning introduced that in terms of medical care, through the layout and construction of national medical centers, national regional medical centers, and provincial regional medical centers, we will strengthen relevant clinical key specialties and solve the problem of people seeking medical treatment across regions. According to statistics, in the first four batches of 76 national regional medical centers, more than 460 specialties have been built and more than 6,200 new medical technologies have been developed, and the average number of patients transferred to hospitals has dropped by about 30% compared with that before construction. The rate of common and frequently-occurring diseases in the county is over 90%.

Public hospitals are the main body of China’s medical service system. According to Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Administration of the National Health and Wellness Commission, there are 2,817 tertiary public hospitals and 5,384 secondary public hospitals participating in the performance appraisal of public hospitals nationwide. According to the data of the past five years, the development mode, operation mode and resource allocation of tertiary public hospitals in China are more reasonable. The two indexes reflecting the technical difficulty of medical services, namely, the case combination index and the proportion of discharged patients in Grade IV surgery, have increased by 10% and 23.5% respectively, and the application level of electronic medical records in 83% tertiary public hospitals has reached Grade IV or above. The number and proportion of doctors in short supply such as anesthesiology, pediatrics, and severe diseases in tertiary public hospitals across the country have increased, constantly meeting the needs of people’s health services.

Zhuang Ning said that in terms of medical insurance, China has further improved the universal medical insurance system, raised the per capita financial subsidy standard for residents’ medical insurance to 640 yuan, and continuously improved the level of general outpatient medical insurance for employees. In medicine, we will further expand the breadth and depth of centralized procurement of pharmaceutical consumables and further reduce the inflated price. Revise and improve the medical insurance drug list, improve the basic drug system, speed up the registration and listing of urgently needed drugs, children’s drugs and innovative medical devices, and strive to meet the people’s drug demand.

Continuously improve the ability of disease prevention and control

In recent years, China has continuously improved the multi-sectoral cooperation mechanism to enhance the ability of disease prevention and control. Qin Xingqiang, deputy director of the Comprehensive Department of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, said that the laws, regulations and policy systems related to the emergency response of infectious diseases in China have been continuously improved, and the emergency management system and mechanism have been continuously optimized, basically forming an emergency plan for public health emergencies, covering multiple diseases and covering national, provincial, municipal and county levels. Relying on the national and provincial centers for disease control and prevention, 20 national teams for the prevention and control of sudden acute infectious diseases have been set up, covering 17 provinces.

According to reports, since the "14 th Five-Year Plan", the central budget has allocated a total of 13.1 billion yuan to support the construction of disease control systems at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels. In 2023, the central government allocated 17.687 billion yuan for disease control projects through transfer payment for the prevention and control of major infectious diseases and endemic diseases.

Qin Xingqiang said that at present, the average reporting time of China’s infectious disease network direct reporting system has been shortened from five days to four hours now. At the national level, a technical system for rapid identification of 300 pathogens within 72 hours has been established, and 100% of provincial and 90% of municipal CDC have the ability to detect nucleic acids and isolate viruses. In the prevention and control of major infectious diseases, the rapid rise of AIDS epidemic in key areas has been effectively curbed; The mortality rate of tuberculosis remains at a low level; All endemic counties of schistosomiasis have reached the state of transmission interruption; Measles, Japanese encephalitis and other vaccines can prevent the incidence of infectious diseases from falling to the lowest level in history.

Construction of 321 high-level key disciplines of traditional Chinese medicine

In order to promote the development of China’s traditional Chinese medicine service system, Ouyang Bo, deputy director of the Comprehensive Department of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, introduced that the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the National Health and Wellness Commission and the National Development and Reform Commission took the lead in establishing an inter-departmental working mechanism with relevant departments, and the central government invested nearly 13 billion yuan to promote key tasks and major engineering projects to basically achieve "double half".

Ouyang Bo said that China’s traditional Chinese medicine inheritance and innovation has been steadily promoted-46 national traditional Chinese medicine inheritance and innovation centers have been built, and 50 superior diseases treated by traditional Chinese medicine, 52 integrated Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment programs, 100 appropriate technologies and 100 Chinese medicine varieties with unique curative effects have been selected and released. The official publication of the first batch of 74 books in the "Chinese Medical Collection" marks a major stage achievement in the compilation of ancient Chinese medicine books.

At the same time, the team of talents with Chinese medicine characteristics has been growing, training 50 Qihuang scholars, 500 national outstanding clinical talents of Chinese medicine, 100 young Qihuang scholars, 35 innovative teams of Chinese medicine, and building 321 high-level key disciplines of Chinese medicine.

According to preliminary estimates, in 2023, the total number of medical treatment in Chinese medical and health institutions was 1.28 billion, and the number of discharged patients was 41.486 million. Chinese medicine played an active role in serving people’s health.

Building a high-quality and efficient Chinese medicine service system is one of the main tasks of the development plan of Chinese medicine in the 14 th Five-Year Plan. In this regard, Ouyang Bo said that the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine aims to achieve high-quality Chinese medicine services for everyone nearby, promote 14 Chinese medicine hospitals to be included in the founding unit of the National Medical Center, lay out and build 27 national regional medical centers for Chinese medicine, and continue to promote the construction of 62 "flagship" hospitals and 138 key hospitals with Chinese medicine characteristics. At the same time, optimize the supply of Chinese medicine services, select about 1,000 national traditional Chinese medicine specialties and 500 "flagship" departments for the coordination of Chinese and Western medicine, determine 31 units for the construction of Chinese medicine rehabilitation centers, strengthen the construction of pediatrics and geriatrics departments in Chinese medicine hospitals, and promote the construction of outpatient clinics for Chinese medicine specialties; Taking the construction of county-level Chinese medicine hospitals as the leader, we will build a solid grassroots network, promote tertiary hospitals to help 699 county-level Chinese medicine hospitals, and achieve full coverage of grassroots Chinese medicine museums in 23 provinces, so as to facilitate the masses to take a good look at Chinese medicine at their doorsteps.(Reporter Jin Zhenya)

More than 8 models of Tiggo were exposed to brake failure, and the problem pointed to brake by wire!

If you are the owner and prospective owner of Tiggo 8 PRO or Tiggo 8 PLUS, please note that there is something wrong with Chery’s brake-by-wire technology.

Recently, Master Jiao learned from relevant channels that Chery’s brake-by-wire technology has brought troubles to many car owners. The specific performance is as follows: 1. There will be a buzzer when braking; 2. The brake pedal becomes hard; 3. Brake failure; 4. Brake jitter. At present, it is understood that some car owners have formed rights protection groups and shared fault cases in the groups.

Please step on the brakes when the vehicle starts, but the owner has been stepping on the brakes.

The corner master found that a car owner was driving at a low speed of 30 kilometers per hour, and suddenly the brake pedal rebounded, and then a fault code appeared in the dashboard. At this time, the brake pedal felt hard and the hard-vegetable pedal vehicle appeared jitter.

At present, the official has not responded to this problem, and the owner has locked the root of the problem in the brake-by-wire technology. Because some owners of Tiggo 8 PRO and Tiggo 8 PLUS do not have such problems, the problem owners are mainly concentrated in the vast version of Tiggo 8 PRO and Tiggo 8 PLUS pride+,so what is Chery’s brake-by-wire technology?

In March 2022, Chery Automobile announced a major innovation when it launched the Tiggo 8 PLUS version. The braking system of the car was upgraded and the integrated brake-by-wire system of Bethel WCBS was adopted. The core technology of this system is to integrate the vacuum booster pump, master cylinder, electronic vacuum pump, EPB and ESC. The following figure shows the comparison between the integrated brake-by-wire system module and the traditional vacuum booster pump. Its main purpose is to reduce costs and enhance the competitiveness of products. In addition to cost reduction, the official said that this system can also coordinate energy recovery system and high dynamic pressurization capacity. In other words, most of Chery’s new energy vehicles will adopt the brake-by-wire system in the future.

Integrated brake-by-wire system

Traditional vacuum booster pump

However, at present, it is obvious that the technology is not yet mature, and some car owners equipped with brake-by-wire technology have become "mice". Master Jiao then went to the domestic third-party vehicle quality complaint platform to investigate and found that there have been centralized complaints about the models equipped with brake-by-wire technology in the Tiggo 8 PRO plate, and the most complained car in the Tiggo 8 PLUS plate is Haoqing+,which is also equipped with brake-by-wire technology.

Up to now, Chery officials have not responded to the vehicles with problems in the by-wire control technology. Judging from the problem of concentrated outbreak, Master Jiao’s personal guess may be that there is a problem with a batch of vehicles equipped with wire control technology. The failure of the brake system is a major personal safety hazard, and the manufacturer must attach great importance to it, and it is necessary to complete the upgrade, optimization and even recall of the problem model in a short time.

A few days ago, Chery Automobile just released the sales data in July 2022, and the group’s sales volume was 131,533, a year-on-year increase of 57.7%. This figure successfully surpassed 122,633 vehicles of Geely Automobile and 101,920 vehicles of Great Wall Motor. In terms of splitting, Chery’s total sales volume was 131,533 vehicles, of which 50,614 vehicles were exported, up 90.1% year-on-year. The sales volume of new energy was 25,614 vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 253%. It can be seen that the sales of new energy have surged, and in addition, the export volume has reached a new high. This is the happy side.

However, the safety hazard brought by the brake-by-wire technology hangs over Chery like a time bomb. However, if it is detonated, it will surely face the collapse of product quality reputation, and all efforts will be wasted.

Korean media: Former South Korean President Lee Myung-bak, who is serving his sentence, is hospitalized outside the prison due to illness.

  [Global Network Report] Yonhap News Agency reported that according to the news of the Korean Ministry of Justice on the 17th, former President Lee Myung-bak, who was detained in Anyang Prison in Gyeonggi Province, was admitted to Seoul National University Hospital the day before for a disease check-up, and the time of hospitalization, discharge and escort was inconvenient to disclose due to security problems.

Profile photo: Li Mingbo was transferred to Anyang Prison. Image source: Yonhap News Agency

Profile photo: Li Mingbo was transferred to Anyang Prison. Image source: Yonhap News Agency

  The Korean Ministry of Justice said that Lee Myung-bak will be examined according to the opinions of the hospital during his hospitalization. According to the report, Lee Myung-bak was treated for diabetes and other diseases, and he was treated outside prison for three times last year. According to reports, Lee Myung-bak was sentenced to 17 years in prison for corruption and bribery, fined 13 billion won (about 69.24 million yuan), and pursued 5.78 billion won in criminal proceeds.

  It is worth mentioning that another former South Korean President, park geun-hye, was released from prison by amnesty at the end of December, 2021. Her lawyer, Liu Rongxia, said on the 16th that park geun-hye was in better health and would speak to the people when she left the hospital. Liu Rongxia also relayed that park geun-hye was sad that another former president, Lee Myung-bak, was not granted amnesty.

Interview | Chinese and foreign research is on the cover of nature: this protein allows robins to navigate geomagnetic.

Human eyes can see all kinds of colors in the visible light band, and ears can hear sounds in the frequency range of 20-20000 Hz, but we still don’t know whether we have the sense of sensing the earth’s magnetic field, which is a complete mystery.

The public calls it "the sixth sense", but scientists don’t like this statement. In the past few decades, they have been trying to pry open the tip of the iceberg of the mystery and find a breakthrough in birds. How do they realize the induction of geomagnetic field and use it? European Robin is an excellent research object. This nocturnal migratory bird has been proved to have the ability of geomagnetic navigation before, and they can use the geomagnetic field as weak as 0.5 gauss for long-distance orientation to complete the seasonal migration year after year.

But what is the mechanism behind it? For this question, it needs a highly interdisciplinary cooperation to answer one or two. At 23: 00 on June 23rd, Beijing time, the top academic journal Nature published a heavy research titled "Magnetic sensitivity of cryptochrome 4 from a migratory songbird" on the cover form, which was jointly completed by scientists from Germany’s Oldenburg University, England’s Oxford University, China Academy of Sciences’ Hefei Institute of Material Science, Purdue University, University of Texas Southwest Medical Center and Germany’s Freiburg University. Studies have proved that cryptochrome protein (Cry4) in birds’ retina is very sensitive to magnetic field, and it may be the long-sought magnetic sensor.

There are 6 corresponding authors in this study, one of whom is Xie Can, a researcher from the High Magnetic Field Science Center of Hefei Institute of Material Science, China Academy of Sciences, and the High Magnetic Field Science Center is the common communication unit. Together with the team of the University of Oldenburg, Xie Can’s laboratory successfully prepared and obtained the Cry protein of European robin, a nocturnal migratory bird, for the first time in the laboratory, which laid the foundation for the success of the whole study.

In an interview with The Paper (www.thepaper.cn), Xie Can said that this multi-party cooperation, which started in 2016, is only the first stage of research on biomagnetic induction in various laboratories. "This article is also the first stage of our long-term cooperation." There is still a lot of work to be explored by its laboratories and partners in the future.

Xie Can graduated from the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2001 with a doctorate in science. In August of the same year, he went to the United States to study molecular biophysics and structural biology in Timothy Springer laboratory of Harvard Medical School. From 2009 to 2019, he was a professor at Peking University College of Life Sciences. In November 2019, he was invited to join and transferred to the High Magnetic Field Science Center of China Academy of Sciences as a researcher. In December, 2020, we jointly established the International Magnetic Biology Frontier Research Center (IMF RC).

It is worth mentioning that in 2016, Xie Can Laboratory published its original breakthrough in the field of animal magnetic induction and biological navigation in the international academic journal Nature Materials, and discovered the magnetic receptor gene for animals’ perception of magnetic field for the first time in the world. The magnetic induction protein (MagR) encoded by this gene has intrinsic magnetism and can form a complex with Cry protein, so as to recognize the external magnetic field and respond. Based on this, Xie can put forward the hypothesis of "biological compass" for animals to feel magnetism. This work was rated as "Top Ten Progress in Life Sciences in China in 2015".

Professor Peter Hore from the Laboratory of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry of the Department of Chemistry of Oxford University is also the corresponding author of this latest study. Hore is one of the main schools of biological magnetic induction hypothesis, that is, the main contributor to the chemical radical-pair model that relies on cryptochrome. In an email to The Paper (www.thepaper.cn), he wrote, "If we can prove that Cry4 is a magnetic receptor molecule, we will also prove a fundamental quantum mechanism, which enables animals to perceive extremely weak environmental stimuli, and the intensity of this stimulus is one million times weaker than previously thought".

Referring to the above hypothesis of chemical free radicals, the time should be set back to 1978. At that time, German chemist Klaus Schulten and others proposed a preliminary model to introduce quantum entanglement into this research field, arguing that the magnetic induction mechanism of birds involves the entangled state of free radical pairs. Schulten’s team finally published the research results in 2000, pointing out that cryptochrome is probably the key molecule in the process of bird magnetic navigation, and boldly speculated on the magnetic induction process.

After nearly 20 years’ development, the outline of this hypothesis has become increasingly clear: firstly, the photosensitive pigment auxiliary group FAD in cryptochrome absorbs the energy of a blue photon, which causes the electronic transition of FAD group, leaving an empty orbit; Then the electrons are taken from the four adjacent tryptophan in turn, which is "electron transfer". At this time, the separated electrons have both spin singlet and triplet states due to quantum entanglement. Finally, the delicate balance between the two states can be determined by the direction of geomagnetic field, and this information can be transmitted to the brain in some way, so that organisms can respond to geomagnetic information.

The research team systematically and completely summarized the basic principles and supporting evidence of the free radical pair hypothesis from physics, chemistry and biology.

Compared with the previous theoretical research, this multi-party cooperative research takes the cryptochrome 4 protein of European robin as the main research object, carries out a series of high-precision spectroscopic tests, and carries out computational biology simulation, thus realizing the mutual verification of theory and experiment. This is the first comprehensive explanation of the photochemical magnetic sensitivity of free radicals in cryptochrome protein of nocturnal migratory birds, which confirms and perfects the magnetic induction mechanism of free radicals and provides an important basis for further explaining the geomagnetic orientation behavior of migratory birds.

Functional Cry4 protein from migratory birds

As early as 2000, scientists proposed that the photosensitive protein cryptochrome (Cry) was a possible magnetic induction protein through theoretical calculation. Theoretically, under the blue light condition, the information of external magnetic field can be transformed into the change of quantum yield caused by photoinduced free radicals in cryptochrome protein, which can be perceived by cells.

Why is cryptochrome protein considered by scientists as an animal magnetic induction molecule? The first author of this paper, Xu Jingjing from the University of Oldenburg, explained to the reporter of The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) that cryptochrome protein can bind to flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), also known as active vitamin B2. When FAD is excited by blue light, it will undergo a reduction reaction, which can seize the electrons of tryptophan (Trp) nearby in turn, thus forming a magnetically sensitive free radical pair [FAD-TrpH+].

"It can be said that FAD is the’ heart’ of this magnetic sensitive molecule, and only cryptochrome protein combined with the cofactor FAD has the prerequisite of magnetic sensitivity." Xu Jingjing is now a doctoral student in Henrik Mouritsen’s laboratory of the University of Oldenburg. Before studying in Germany, Xu Jingjing completed his master’s degree in the Institute of Electrician, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and received biochemical training in Professor Xie Can’s laboratory. .

It is worth mentioning that one of the reasons why the hypothesis of free radical magnetic induction has not been proved by experiments in birds since it was put forward in 1978 is that the recombinant expression of avian cryptochrome protein often loses its own function because of protein’s misfolding, which means the loss of the key auxiliary group FAD for cryptochrome.

"The biggest regret of free radicals to the hypothesis is that scientists have never been able to obtain experimental evidence of the magnetic sensitivity of cryptochrome protein in migratory birds. In the early attempts, some experiments were done in the laboratory with cryptochrome protein of plants or non-migratory animals, but as the most typical migratory animals, migratory birds have never been really studied because of the difficulty in purifying cryptochrome protein of birds. " Xie can added.

In this study, scientists finally obtained the functional cryptochrome protein of migratory birds that combined with FAD. Under the guidance of Xie Can and Mouritsen, Xu Jingjing expressed and purified Cry4 protein of nocturnal migratory birds with biological activity by using the Cold-Shock protein expression system customized and optimized in the laboratory. The protein sample showed a beautiful and transparent yellow-green color due to the presence of FAD chromophore, and mass spectrometry analysis showed that the FAD binding rate of the protein was as high as 97%. It laid the foundation for the success of the whole study.

The acquisition of Cry4 protein of European robin is actually quite tortuous. Xie Can told the The Paper reporter that as early as the beginning of the cooperation, that is, in April 2016, the original plan was that Xie Can’s laboratory would prepare the protein in China, and then send it to the foreign cooperation team by air transportation for the next test.

In the previous research on MagR, Xie Can has successfully expressed and purified the MagR and Cry proteins of homing pigeons (birds that can homing directionally but not migrate seasonally) and their complexes.

But the international transportation scheme is not feasible. Xie Can clearly remembers that on June 9, 2016, his laboratory sent samples to Oxford University for the first time, but it was difficult. "Long-distance international transportation of protein samples requires that the protein be frozen first, and then thawed after reaching the destination laboratory. At that time, we found a problem. Whether it is Cry protein, MagR protein discovered by ourselves, or a complex of the two, all these proteins related to magnetic induction are very unstable and extremely sensitive to temperature. In the process of freezing and thawing, the activity of protein is greatly reduced or even disappeared. " For Cry4 protein in this study, after long-distance transportation and freezing and thawing, the key FAD auxiliary group was dissociated from Cry4 protein, and Cry4 protein also lost its activity.

Under the circumstances at that time, how to "preserve" Cry protein was an urgent problem to be solved. Just then, Xu Jingjing was applying for a visiting scholar in Mouritsen Laboratory. In November 2016, Mouritsen put forward a proposal to let Xu Jingjing go directly to Xie Can’s laboratory to learn a whole set of protein expression and purification techniques. Under the framework of cooperation, Xie can is very open-minded. "This is also a good thing for us, because the articles we publish ourselves also hope that others can repeat them." After more than two months of intensive "crash course", Xu Jingjing entered the Mouritsen laboratory.

"It took about seven or eight months for Xu Jingjing to set up the whole system from scratch in Mouritsen laboratory, and the expression and purification of Cry4 protein were perfectly repeated, and it also had good activity." After the key cornerstone work was completed, Hore and Mouritsen could not hide their excitement. They expressed their excitement in the email sent to Xie Can, that is, at that moment, the three parties formally established a long-term cooperation. "The three of us are completely different backgrounds. Hore is a physicist, so he mainly does physical chemistry. Mouritsen does animal behavior and neurobiology. I do protein research, so the three of us have their own strengths, which can complement each other." Xie Can described this tripartite cooperation in this way.

 In the following two years, Xu Jingjing usually finished protein preparation in the morning, then took a flight from Germany to Britain, arrived at Oxford University in the afternoon and went straight to the laboratory to test the properties of the protein, that is, the magnetic sensitivity of free radicals to photochemical reactions. Xie can once "experienced half a trip" when she visited Oxford University. "I can realize that she basically shuttled between laboratories in two countries for more than two years, and this is how the experiment was done." Xie can said.

For the first time, the hypothesis of free radical pair was verified by the experiment of cryptochrome protein of migratory birds

In the course of this research, in view of the complexity of the experimental content and the extremely complicated tests involved, more laboratories joined in. It is mentioned in the paper that in order to study the influence of magnetic field on the photochemistry of cryptochrome, the research team has developed and continuously improved a variety of spectral techniques.

The research team of Oxford University has developed a series of spectroscopic techniques specially used to study the photochemical magnetic field effect of cryptochrome, including transient absorption spectroscopy and Cavity ring-down spectroscopy. Broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance. Hore described it this way, "These devices were developed by the joint efforts of generations of talented postdoctoral and graduate students in the laboratory for many years."

Xu Jingjing said, simply put, the researchers put the protein sample in a magnetic field and irradiated it with 450nm blue light to detect the light absorption changes of the protein transient free radical pair under different magnetic field conditions and different time resolutions.

The experimental results showed that the free radicals in cryptochrome protein changed the yield after the magnetic field was applied, that is, the magnetic field effect, and the magnetic field effect of cryptochrome protein of European robin was 10 to 20 times stronger than that of non-migratory birds (chickens and pigeons).

The research team also clarified the mechanism of this magnetic sensitivity, that is, the electron transfer reaction triggered by blue light absorption. Protein molecule is composed of a series of amino acids: Cry4 has 527 amino acids, of which 4 tryptophan is very important for magnetic sensitivity. Under the excitation of blue light, electrons jump between FAD and these four tryptophan, resulting in so-called magnetically induced free radical pairs. Peter Hore of Oxford University and Ilia Solov’yov, a physicist in oldenburg, have calculated quantum mechanics to support this view.

In order to verify this, researchers at the University of Oldenburg further prepared tryptophan mutant protein of cryptochrome, that is, four tryptophan (WA, WB, WC and WD) in the electron transfer chain were replaced by phenylalanine (F) in turn, which had no redox activity and could not provide electrons to FAD, thus cutting off the electron transfer chain.

In each mutant protein, the electron transfer chain is 3, 2 and 1 tryptophan in turn. The transient absorption spectrum test results show that the free radical pair life of mutant protein is shortened from microsecond to nanosecond and picosecond. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) test showed that the free radicals of wild-type protein [FAD+TRPDH+] were 2.2nm apart, and after the fourth tryptophan was mutated, the free radical pair [FAD+TRPCH+] was 1.8nm apart.

The paper points out that the experimental results are consistent with the theoretical simulation. In wild-type cryptochrome protein, electrons are transferred among four tryptophan in turn, and these four steps make the electrons that are not equipped at the end be the farthest apart, thus forming a long-lived free radical pair, and the ultra-fine effect of the latter’s spin coherence is the point of magnetic field action.

Xu Jingjing mentioned that, surprisingly, when the fourth tryptophan at the farthest end was mutated, the magnetic field effect of protein was stronger than that of wild-type protein, and it was stronger than that of cryptochrome in Arabidopsis thaliana, which is also an electron transfer chain of tryptophan.

The researchers asked, why did nature evolve a fourth tryptophan for avian cryptochrome protein, if its function was only to reduce the sensitivity of magnetic field? Further research shows that the decay kinetics of wild-type protein (ErCry4) and mutant (ErCry4 WDF) are similar in milliseconds, and the magnetic field dichotomy (B1/2) is similar. This means that the origin of their magnetic sensitivity is the same, both of them come from the third tryptophan, and the fourth tryptophan may not participate in the animal magnetic induction process.

So what role does this fourth tryptophan-mediated electron transfer play? Based on the above experimental results, Ilia Solov’yov and Hore put forward the mechanism of free pair dynamic equilibrium through spin dynamic simulation, that is, electrons may jump back and forth between the third and fourth tryptophan, and the resulting two free radical pairs [FAD-TRPCH+] and [FAD+TRPDH+] are in rapid dynamic equilibrium and play different roles respectively.

The two roles are: the free radical pair formed by flavin-third tryptophan is mainly responsible for magnetic field perception, and the free radical pair formed by flavin-fourth tryptophan is mainly responsible for biochemical signal transmission in vivo. "This mechanism has not been found in cryptochrome proteins of any species before." Xie can said.

The research team predicts that there may be other proteins interacting with cryptochrome proteins in the body, such as MagR or other unidentified signal molecules reported by Xie Can, to realize cascade amplification of signals or directional arrangement of cryptochrome proteins, and further enhance the magnetic sensitivity and direction recognition in organisms. "Of course, these speculations need more experiments in the future to confirm."

They speculated that, perhaps, it was through this ingenious mechanism that nature wonderfully optimized the free radical photochemical reaction of cryptochrome protein and realized the dual functions of magnetic field sensing and signal transmission, thus enabling migratory birds to find their way in their journey across the hemisphere.

Xie Can concluded to the The Paper reporter that the main breakthroughs of this study are as follows: first, the hypothesis of free radical pair is verified experimentally with cryptochrome protein of migratory birds; Secondly, it is found that cryptochrome protein 4 of migratory birds is more sensitive to magnetic field than that of non-migratory birds; Thirdly, it is found for the first time that the four conserved tryptophan in the hypothesis have two different functions: magnetic induction and signal transmission.

Moving forward in controversy, in vivo verification is not easy.

It is worth noting that there are still many controversies in the field of animal magnetic induction research.

Xie Can said that on the whole, the magnetic induction hypothesis that has attracted much attention so far mainly includes electromagnetic induction model, magnetite particle model, chemical free radical pair model dependent on cryptochrome and biological compass model. These hypotheses are supported by certain experimental evidence, but there are also some limitations or deficiencies.

Xie Can called the study of animal magnetic induction a "very non-biological" study. By analogy with the conventional research ideas of sensory biology, scientists have first known for sure the existence of a certain sensory system and what kind of sensory organ it is, and on this basis, they have identified the receptor cells, neural pathways and brain regions related to the sensory system.

But the study of magnetic induction is quite different. In this field, biologists often find and ask questions, but physicists put forward imaginative hypotheses, and then chemists will also participate in a large number of verification experiments. Previously, the discovery of MagR and the hypothesis of biological compass in Xie Can’s laboratory generally followed this thinking paradigm.

Although this latest research has made many important breakthroughs, Hore stressed that this is not conclusive evidence that cryptochrome is a magnetic sensor. Because "this study is an in vitro experiment with purified protein, and the magnetic field used in the experiment is much higher than the geomagnetic field." Henrik Mouritsen said, "We need to prove the sensitivity of this protein to geomagnetic field in birds’ eyes, but the current technical bottleneck does not allow us to do this."

The research team speculated that cryptochrome protein may show higher sensitivity to magnetic field in vivo environment. For example, in retinal cells, protein may be arranged in a fixed orientation, thus enhancing their sensitivity to the direction of magnetic field. In addition, they may interact with other proteins, such as the previously reported magnetic receptor MagR, and even other unidentified protein, so as to achieve the effect of signal cascade amplification. Scientists are also looking for these unknown "mutual partners".

Regarding the future research plan of this project, Xu Jingjing pointed out that finding the interaction protein of cryptochrome and conducting in vivo experiments are two major challenges.

In fact, up to now, even though the evidence of free radicals is the most comprehensive, many hypotheses of animal magnetic induction mechanism need to be continuously developed, improved and screened. "There are many schools in the field of magnetic induction, and the publication of every research result needs to be widely questioned and challenged by reviewers in the review process, and these reviewers often come from different academic schools with different academic viewpoints, and they are often your competitors. Only by persuading your competitors will it be possible to finally publish it through review. " The review of this paper for nearly two years also highlights the twists and turns of the process.

Xie can prefers to call this kind of controversy in the scientific community academic debate. "The extensive academic controversy and debate itself shows that the problem you are studying is very important, which is obvious." Secondly, Xie Can believes that with the academic controversy and debate, it often brings about the rapid development of the whole field, "because more and more rigorous experiments will be designed to verify their respective views. Whether it is proof or falsification, we are getting closer and closer to the truth of science. "

Xie Can believes that the field of animal magnetic induction is full of controversy, "because no hypothesis or model has been recognized by everyone so far, and each school has its own supporters."

Strong cooperation like this one may bring about accelerated progress. "This is a highly interdisciplinary field. If you want to do some interesting topics in the field of animal magnetic induction and biological navigation, it is often impossible to rely on a laboratory to complete it." Xie can said.

Xu Jingjing also mentioned that "solving a scientific problem requires the joint efforts of many disciplines. In our team, experts in various disciplines have world-class technology, which is very important for our research." She said that in the process of project promotion, researchers kept communicating and understanding the knowledge of different disciplines to achieve common scientific goals.

Hualong No.1 demonstration project completed in an all-round way | China’s advanced nuclear power has achieved a technological breakthrough in the whole industry chain, and the reliability of Hualong

  CCTV News:It is understood that Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5, the first Hualong No.1 unit in China, has been put into commercial operation for more than a year, and its power generation has exceeded 7 billion kWh. At present, the first refueling work has been successfully completed, which has fully verified the reliability of Hualong No.1 technology.

  As the world’s first Hualong No.1 unit, Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit 5 has just completed its first refueling overhaul. In order to ensure the long-term safe and reliable operation of nuclear power units, nuclear power units need to replace nuclear fuel regularly, and during this period, important equipment should be inspected and maintained. This work is called overhaul. At present, the unit has completed the loading of nuclear fuel components and is about to start the second start.

  The world’s first reactor, Hualong No.1, was officially put into commercial operation on January 30, 2021, which achieved a technological breakthrough in the whole industrial chain of independent design, manufacture, construction and operation of China’s advanced nuclear power. After running for more than a year, it has been running smoothly and normally, without unplanned shutdown, which fully verified the reliability of Hualong technology.

Hebei: The two forecasting services are as accurate and timely.

  China Meteorological News correspondent Xie Pan Li Haiqing


  After entering July, the rain came one after another, which put Hebei meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation mechanism to the test and made people constantly think about the construction of disaster prevention and mitigation mechanism.


  


  Department linkage makes flooding invisible.


  "The’ July 21′ precipitation was the biggest since the establishment of the meteorological observatory in Zhuozhou in 1957, but it realized the miracle that no one was killed or injured. The meteorological disaster prevention mechanism led by the government, departmental linkage and social participation played a decisive role. " Liu Yingfeng, director of the Zhuozhou Meteorological Bureau, said.


  Zhuozhou Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters was built in the Municipal Meteorological Bureau. Through information cooperation and resource sharing, with the goal of preventing severe floods, fighting severe droughts and grabbing major risks, Zhuozhou actively built a modern and information-based flood control and drought relief command platform, and built five systems, namely decision-making command, video consultation, real-time monitoring, early warning release and logistics support.


  On July 19th and 20th, Zhuozhou Meteorological Bureau sent important precipitation weather report information to more than 120 leaders of municipal party committee, municipal government, 15 townships, offices and development zones and 29 related departments such as flood control and meteorological disaster prevention through the early warning release system.


  On the afternoon of 21st, at the beginning of precipitation, Wang Zhou, secretary of the municipal party committee and political commissar of the flood control and drought relief headquarters, and Zhu Ziqiang, mayor and commander of the flood control and drought relief headquarters, rushed to the flood control and drought relief headquarters at the first time and quickly entered an emergency state.


  At 3 am on the 22nd, the precipitation ended. No one was killed or injured in 69 villages in Zhuozhou flood detention area. "When the’ July 21′ torrential rain occurred, Baoding’s practices of accurate forecasting, timely warning and rapid transfer of people played an important role and were successful experiences in effectively coping with disasters." Zhang Qingwei, deputy secretary of Hebei Provincial Party Committee and governor, spoke highly of it.


  
  Internal and external training makes the prevention more detailed.


  From July 27th to 29th, strong precipitation hit most of Hebei again. On the evening of 27th, Li Xingwen, director of Chengde Meteorological Bureau, closely monitored the weather changes with the personnel on duty, and provided rolling rain warning service to the government, flood control, information officers and relevant departments according to the rainstorm monitoring system.


  From the evening of 28th, the strong convective weather in Tangshan began to strengthen. At 2100 hours, more than 50 mm of precipitation occurred in the northern part of Tangshan, reaching 100 mm in some areas. The Tangshan Meteorological Observatory issued an orange rainstorm warning signal.


  In Qinhuangdao, Liu Jian, director of the Municipal Meteorological Bureau, requested that during the precipitation process, the meteorological department release the latest rainfall situation, the weather forecast for the next two hours and the short-term weather forecast for the next 24 hours every hour, and report them to the command center of the Municipal Flood Control Office by fax, email and SMS.


  Late at night on the 28th, heavy precipitation gradually stopped. Shen Xiaoping, deputy governor of Hebei Province, was pleased to say to Yao Xuexiang, director of the Provincial Meteorological Bureau: "These two forecasts are as wonderful as meteorological services!"


  Since 2010, disaster prevention has been more targeted through the implementation of "process reengineering" project, detailed disaster prevention process, timely consultation and communication, real-time monitoring of rain conditions and disasters, normal operation of regional automatic stations, and close cooperation between meteorological information personnel, assistants and meteorological disaster prevention responsible persons.


  


  Eliminating difficulties in popular science and making defense more effective


  A rainstorm makes people pay more attention to meteorological forecast and early warning, and at the same time, how to prevent meteorological disasters in production and life has become a topic of public concern.


  "While strengthening meteorological forecasting and early warning, we must do a good job in popular science propaganda, so that the people can understand the forecasting and early warning signals and take precautions in time." On 25th, Zhang Qingli, secretary of the Hebei Provincial Party Committee and director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, and other leaders made it clear when they inspected the disaster situation in Laishui.


  "At present, Hebei has entered the peak season, and strong convective weather such as short-term heavy rain and lightning frequently occurs. Here, we will explain the rainstorm warning signal and the way to get the warning signal in detail." A Weibo was posted in time by "Hebei Weather", and fans scrambled to reprint it.


  On the Hebei Weather Network, the contents of rainstorm warning signal interpretation, risk avoidance and self-help measures are added, which are linked with local mainstream media to let more people know.


  On the 27th, Zhang Qingwei, vice governors Song Enhua and Shen Xiaoping called Yao Xuexiang, director of the Provincial Meteorological Bureau, respectively: the release of meteorological early warning information has been greatly improved in terms of frequency, content and coverage, and a series of effective measures have been taken to publicize meteorological science knowledge in response to heavy rain, which further enhanced the pertinence and effectiveness of services, and fully understood and implemented the requirements and deployment of the provincial party committee and government on this work.


  


  Promoting performance management and exploring the source of consolidation


  From July 20 to 28, heavy precipitation occurred frequently in Hebei, and the rainfall of several rainfall stations exceeded 200 mm, causing serious economic losses to some areas.


  How to avoid or reduce the losses caused by meteorological disasters more effectively? How to improve the fortification ability of remote rural areas, so that the tragedy of urban disaster risk reduction and people trapped in floods can not save themselves will not be staged again?


  Taking performance management as the starting point, Hebei Province has continuously improved the meteorological disaster prevention mechanism led by the government, coordinated by departments and participated by the society, so as to improve the level of meteorological disaster prevention.


  State Council document No.33 pointed out that it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and early warning from the government and relevant departments of disaster prevention and mitigation, and continuously improve the accuracy of forecasting; Establish a wide coverage and rapid meteorological early warning information distribution network; Form an effective emergency linkage of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation.


  "To carry out performance management of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation is to improve the ability of meteorological disaster prevention and eliminate potential safety hazards." This is the feeling that Liu Yuhu, director of Baoding Meteorological Bureau, promoted this work.


  (Editor: Sun Wei)


  

Flora, the health guard in the intestine

There are more than 10 trillion huge microbial groups in human skin and intestines, and their number is more than 10 times of the total number of human cells, which is considered as another set of genomes besides human cells. Under normal circumstances, the vast majority of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract are beneficial to the human body, but due to various factors, the intestinal flora will also be unbalanced, and once it is unbalanced, it is easy to induce various chronic diseases.

The second organ of the human body

We collectively refer to the bacteria living in the intestine as intestinal flora. Their total weight in the human body is 2~3 kg, and there are more than 1,000 species. More than 50% of the feces we excrete every day are composed of these bacteria and their corpses. These small bacteria are symbiotic with our human body. They are rooted in the intestine for a long time to maintain our health, so we also call the intestinal flora "the second organ of the human body".

First of all, intestinal flora can shield and influence the immune system by itself, and prevent pathogenic bacteria from invading the human body. Intestinal flora adheres to the mucosal layer on the surface of the inner wall of the intestine, forming a barrier composed of bacteria. Intestinal flora inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria through the dominant symbiotic bacteria activities, and prevents pathogenic bacteria from entering the human body through this barrier. At the same time of passive defense, intestinal flora can stimulate the body to form more lymphatic organs in the intestine, and increase the level of immunoglobulin in plasma and intestinal mucosa, so that the immune system is in a moderately active state, so as to maintain an effective immune effect on invading pathogens.

In addition, intestinal flora has regulating and nutritional effects on the intestine. It has been reported that the existence of intestinal flora, especially the nutritional function of short-chain fatty acids produced by it, can make the growth of intestinal epithelial cells more active. In addition, intestinal flora can also regulate the differentiation of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells. This means that with normal intestinal flora, intestinal mucosa can be repaired more quickly.

Recent studies have shown that intestinal flora has an important relationship with human metabolic diseases. In addition, there are many other relationships between intestinal flora and health. Carotenoids produced by intestinal flora can reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and stroke to some extent. Normal intestinal flora can regulate the body’s response to allergens through the influence on lymphocytes, thus affecting the occurrence of allergic diseases. Even more surprising, there is evidence that the structural changes of intestinal flora can even affect the behavior patterns of the body.

Bacteria are also divided into good and bad

"Bacteria exceeded the standard" and "food was found to have bacteria" … People often talk about "bacteria" discoloration, but they don’t know that bacteria are also good or bad. Microbial communities are constantly influenced by many factors in the process of growth, including heredity, age, gender, diet and lifestyle. Everyone’s intestinal microbes have their own characteristics, but in healthy individuals, the relative abundance and distribution of bacterial species are very similar, and they all play a role in maintaining people’s overall health. There are "beneficial bacteria" that provide positive energy, "harmful bacteria" that love to make trouble, and some originally harmless bacteria that may take advantage of the situation and cause harm to the body. Such bacteria are called "opportunistic pathogens" or "conditional pathogens".

The normal flora of gastrointestinal tract can be divided into aerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria. The most dominant is anaerobic bacteria, accounting for 99% of the total flora. The types and quantities of bacteria in the stomach, duodenum and jejunum are less, and the bacteria in the ileum begin to increase. In the colon, the types and quantities of bacteria increase more significantly, most of which are anaerobic bacteria, and Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides and Lactobacillus are absolutely dominant, while Clostridium and Staphylococcus, which are potentially pathogenic, account for only a few.

The imbalance of flora leads to many diseases.

If the intestinal flora is out of balance, health will go wrong. When beneficial bacteria can’t compete with harmful bacteria or conditional pathogens, they show bacterial infection, and symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting and fever appear. For example, the endotoxin produced by the imbalance of intestinal flora will increase the burden of liver detoxification and cause liver damage. These toxins will also enter our brain, causing abnormal brain development, causing autism, depression, Alzheimer’s disease and other symptoms. In addition, the imbalance of intestinal flora will also lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis.

There are five main reasons for the imbalance of intestinal flora: 1. Long-term unbalanced diet. For example, eating too much meat or vegetables and eating unhealthy food for a long time; 2. Ingestion of food contaminated by bacteria. Reduce resistance, make conditional pathogens "worse", or ingest too many harmful bacteria, imbalance of intestinal flora, and diarrhea symptoms; 3. Age increases. With the increase of age, some beneficial bacteria decrease and harmful bacteria increase, and the body’s immunity weakens; 4. Use certain drugs. Excessive use of antibiotics leads to imbalance of intestinal flora and decreased immunity; 5. Gastrointestinal dysfunction. Organic causes lead to imbalance of intestinal flora and decreased immunity.

Diet regulation is safe and effective.

Now we have a safe, effective and scientific conditioning method, that is, taking microecological preparations. This preparation mainly includes three types, namely probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. Probiotics contain a certain number of live bacteria preparations; Prebiotics can promote the growth of intestinal probiotics; Synbiotics is a mixture of probiotics and prebiotics, which can not only supplement the probiotics in our body, but also promote the growth of probiotics.

Yogurt is a good choice to supplement probiotics. It contains plenty of protein, and also contains Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus, but these two kinds of bacteria can’t colonize in our intestines, and yogurt at room temperature contains no live bacteria.

In addition to yogurt, there are many lactic acid bacteria drinks on the market at present. This kind of drink has a very high sugar content, and its nutritional value is relatively low compared with yogurt. Moreover, most of these drinks are stored at room temperature, so it does not contain live bacteria.

There is also an active lactic acid bacteria beverage, which requires strict cold chain transportation and cold storage. However, for people with gastrointestinal discomfort, drinking cold drinks often stimulates the intestines, and there is no way to guarantee the probiotic activity contained in such drinks.

In addition, bad eating habits will destroy the balance of intestinal flora, for example, a high-fat diet will change the intestinal flora. Adjusting the dietary structure and developing good eating habits play an important role in maintaining the dynamic balance of intestinal flora.

Intestinal flora changes with age, and some studies show that the number of bifidobacteria in the intestine of the elderly is significantly reduced. Therefore, in the diseases related to intestinal flora imbalance in the elderly, proper application of microecological agents is conducive to the recovery of the health of the elderly.

Commonly used microecological agents include live bacterial agents such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus. Increasing the number of beneficial bacteria can not only regulate the balance of intestinal flora, but also enhance the immunity of the body. ▲ (This lecture was written by Cui Yuyan, a special correspondent of this newspaper)

Don’t deprive children of their childhood happiness again! The Ministry of Education stopped kindergarten "primary school"

  CCTV News:In recent years, for the sake of their own interests, individual kindergartens have violated the laws of children’s physical and mental development and cognitive characteristics, taught primary school content in advance, and strengthened knowledge and skills training. The tendency of "primary school" education is serious, which not only deprives children of their childhood happiness, but also dampens their interest in learning.

  Recently, the General Office of the Ministry of Education issued"Notice on Carrying out the Special Governance of Kindergarten" Primary School "(hereinafter referred to as the" Notice "),Clear governance tasks, governance steps, etc. Relevant departments are required to promote kindergartens to establish a scientific concept of protecting education, implement games as the basic activity, and resolutely correct the tendency of "primary school" through self-examination, comprehensive rectification and special supervision.

  Governance task

  It is forbidden to teach the content of primary school curriculum.

  The "Notice" requires that those who teach Chinese pinyin, literacy, calculation, English and other primary school curriculum contents in advance should be resolutely banned.

  For kindergartens to arrange children to complete homework and organize exams and tests related to primary school content, we must resolutely correct them.

  Social training institutions are also not allowed to teach primary school content in advance in the name of preschool and young convergence, and all localities should standardize it in combination with the governance of off-campus training institutions.

  In view of the fact that kindergartens can’t stick to games as their basic activities and break away from children’s life scenes, they organize and arrange one-day activities mainly by means of centralized classroom teaching; Or by mechanical recitation, memory, copying, calculation, etc., the "Notice" requires that it be resolutely corrected.

  It is necessary to guide kindergarten directors, teachers and parents to establish a scientific concept of child-rearing, adhere to the principle of children-oriented, respect children’s learning interests and needs, take games as the basic activities, flexibly use various forms such as group, group and individual activities, reasonably arrange and organize children’s daily life, and promote children’s independent games and learning inquiry through personal experience, direct perception and practical operation.

  Rectify the "primary school" educational environment

  The "Notice" requires that for those who fail to create various activity areas (corners) according to regulations, do not provide enough playing AIDS, game materials and books, and lack an educational environment that stimulates children’s interest in inquiry, strengthen their physique and play independently, they should adjust the setting of kindergarten activity areas, make rational use of indoor and outdoor environments, create open and diverse regional activity spaces, and equip them with necessary playing AIDS, game materials and picture books that meet the age characteristics of children; We should make full use of local life and natural resources, select, develop and design a number of game activities suitable for children, enrich game resources and meet the basic needs of children to carry out game activities.

  The "Notice" requires that those who do not have the qualifications of kindergarten teachers should be urged to participate in professional skills compensation training and obtain the qualification certificate of kindergarten teachers through examinations. If they still cannot obtain the qualifications of teachers, they should be adjusted within a time limit.

  For those who don’t meet the needs of scientific teaching, are used to "primary school" teaching, and are not good at organizing game activities according to the laws and characteristics of children’s physical and mental development, it is necessary to improve kindergarten teachers’ scientific teaching ability by carrying out standardized training on post adaptability.

  Primary schools adhere to zero starting point teaching.

  The "Notice" requires that those who fail to implement zero-starting teaching, reduce class hours and exceed the standard in accordance with the national curriculum standards in the initial grade of primary schools, and organize knowledge and ability tests of primary school content for children in enrollment, or take children’s participation in relevant competitions and certificates as the basis for enrollment, we must resolutely correct them, and investigate the responsibilities of principals and relevant teachers according to specific circumstances, and incorporate them into the record of standardized school running integrity.

  Governance steps

  Special treatment is divided into four stages.

  The first stage:Full deployment. Local education administrative departments at all levels should carefully formulate governance plans, clarify work requirements, and complete them before the end of August 2018.

  The second stage:Self-examination and arrangement. Kindergartens, primary schools and training institutions conduct self-examination as required, and the education administrative department organizes spot checks and arranging, which will be completed by the end of December 2018.

  The third stage:Comprehensive rectification. According to the situation of self-examination and arrangement, we should persist in making corrections while checking and timely rectification, and resolutely correct all kinds of wrong behaviors with the tendency of "primary school". The overall rectification work will be completed by the end of April 2019.

  The fourth stage:Special supervision. The State Council Education Steering Committee Office, Ministry of Education and provincial education supervision institutions and education administrative departments will carry out special inspections, which will be completed before the end of June 2019.

  Implement one-vote veto for annual inspection

  The "Notice" requires that kindergartens, primary schools and social training institutions with irregular teaching behavior and a tendency of "primary school" should be ordered to make rectification within a time limit. For those with frequent problems and strong social reactions, one-vote veto should be implemented in the annual inspection, and the main responsible person should be seriously investigated.

  Set up a special telephone and mailbox for reporting supervision.

  Education administrative departments at all levels should set up special telephone and mailbox for reporting and supervision, and consciously accept the supervision of parents and society. We should make full use of all kinds of media, increase publicity, widely publicize the scientific concept of parenting, and create a good environment for the healthy development of children’s body and mind.

  Sound sound

  In the face of the Ministry of Education’s efforts to manage the "primary school" of kindergartens, some netizens have expressed their views.

  — — Some netizens think that we should take measures to govern and give children a happy childhood. Early childhood education should pay more attention to the cultivation of behavior habits.

  — — For the "primary school" of kindergartens, parents expressed their helplessness.

   What do you think? Welcome to leave a message

  Source: CCTV News, Xinhua News Agency