标签归档 西安桑拿会所

　　On October 20th, at the 2018 China (Hangzhou) International E-Commerce Expo, visitors were experiencing receiving express delivery through face recognition technology. Photo courtesy of vision china

　　The price of express delivery has increased again, and it is the dispatch fee again.

　　A few days ago, ZTO Express announced that it will adjust the express delivery fee from the whole country to Shanghai, and the adjustment range will be implemented by local service outlets in combination with their actual conditions. Immediately afterwards, express delivery companies such as Yuantong, Shentong and Yunda also announced that they would increase the express delivery fee for all outlets in China to Shanghai by 0.5 yuan/piece. At this point, the "three links and one reach" have basically raised the cost of express delivery this year.

　　However, in the business model of franchised express delivery, such as "three links and one service", the headquarters of the express delivery company is only responsible for trunk transportation, and the work of collecting and dispatching parts before and after is generally the responsibility of the franchised outlets. The dispatch fee is the fee paid by the participating outlets to the dispatched outlets. Therefore, this dispatch fee may not directly lead to an increase in the courier fee on the consumer side.

　　In fact, a similar practice appeared on the eve of double 11 last year. Is the express delivery industry about to enter a new cycle of raising delivery fees every October? What new problems does the express delivery industry face when the price rises in the peak season?

　　"Three links and one arrival" will increase the dispatch fee, and some express cabinets will also start charging.

　　Last October, also on the eve of double 11, courier companies such as "Three Links and One Reach" also made similar moves. In addition, in the peak season of express delivery in the previous two years, the franchised express delivery companies have paid the dispatch fee. For example, before "double 11" in 2015, several express delivery companies raised the delivery fee from 1.5 yuan to 2 yuan.

　　However, similar to last year, the delivery fee raised by the courier company may not have a direct impact on consumers. China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter visited some express outlets in Beijing, and found that the express fee of consumers has not changed generally.

　　Chen Qiangfeng, the person in charge of a ZTO Express outlet in Chaoyang District, Beijing, said that the delivery fee of the outlet has been raised, and the possibility of raising the delivery fee is not ruled out. "But at present, we have not received the notice of price increase with users".

　　Shao Zhonglin, former deputy secretary-general of China Express Association and founder of Yongyong think tank, said that most of the "three links and one reach" express delivery outlets, and the profits of the headquarters are brought by grassroots outlets. If the headquarters requires price increases, it needs to be conveyed layer by layer, so how the express price at the sales end changes depends on the choice of each outlet.

　　In addition, as another delivery method, express cabinets in some areas have also begun to change from free pick-up to charging strategy. "It seems that starting from this month, after the express cabinet is overtime, it will cost 1 yuan more to re-take out the package." Wang Yongliang, a citizen of Quanzhou, Fujian Province, said that the express delivery cabinets in his own community have also started to charge, but in the past, even if it took more than 24 hours, they could pick up the pieces for free.

　　Xu Yong, chief consultant of Express Logistics Consulting Network, believes that the increase in dispatch fees last year and this year is a manifestation of the gradual establishment of floating pricing mechanism in express delivery industry. In his view, express delivery is similar to air tickets, hotels and other service industries, and it is a floating pricing model of "discount in off-season and price adjustment in peak season". With the approach of double 11, the "three links and one arrival" express delivery company, which is mainly based on e-commerce express mail, will also usher in the peak demand for transportation capacity. And this time, after dispatching the parts fee, it can also play a role in regulating supply and demand.

　　"If the courier company can really establish a floating pricing mechanism, it will be a good thing for this industry and play the role of a traffic light." Xu Yong said.

　　Growth stalls and costs rise. How to retain grassroots outlets?

　　However, apart from double 11 and other time factors, there are deeper reasons for the price adjustment of franchised express companies again. After the growth of sturm und drang in previous years, the growth rate of express delivery industry has gradually slowed down. According to the data of the State Post Bureau, in 2017, the national express delivery business volume was 40.1 billion pieces, a year-on-year increase of 28%; Business income reached 495 billion yuan, up 24.5% year-on-year. Compared with previous years, both business volume and income have slowed down a lot.

　　At the same time as the slowdown in growth, the profit rate of the industry is also gradually declining. According to the industry research data of CICC, the gross profit margin of express delivery industry has dropped from about 30% in 2007 to about 5~10% at present.

　　Why is there a decline in business income growth and profit margin? Maybe we can find the answer from the cost. The "Three Links and One Reach" financial report shows that in the first half of 2018, the operating costs of Zhongtong, Yuantong, Shentong and Yunda were 5.253 billion yuan, 10.485 billion yuan, 5.371 billion yuan and 4.177 billion yuan respectively, up by 40.8%, 46.33%, 20.50% and 40.85% respectively compared with last year.

　　The cost has risen sharply because it has to meet the growing demand for express delivery. According to a research report of changjiang securities, the highest daily average handling capacity of express delivery industry reached 330 million pieces in 2017. In the peak season like double 11, in order to ensure the normal operation of the express delivery network, express delivery companies often need to recruit a large number of temporary personnel and lease more venues and vehicles.

　　Shenwan Hongyuan Securities Research Report believes that from the peak season of previous years, the demand is released in a centralized way, requiring outlets and distribution centers to add cars and people, and all costs are significantly higher than those in the off-season. The performance of the express delivery industry is often not prosperous in the peak season. Price increase and volume control in peak season can improve the profitability of outlets and headquarters in the fourth quarter. By increasing the dispatch fee in the peak season, it can help outlets screen high-quality customers and control the peak season business volume in the most economical business volume range, thus truly improving the profitability of the peak season network.

　　Since most of the express mails of the "three links and one service" express company come from the e-commerce platform, the delivery end is particularly important outside the trunk transportation. However, with the rising labor costs and the hard work of express delivery, it is often difficult for grassroots express outlets to survive.

　　As the person in charge of the first-line express outlets, Chen Qiangfeng also said that recently, many grass-roots express outlets in Beijing are recruiting people in advance to cope with double 11, but the progress is not as smooth as in previous years, mainly because many couriers have switched to delivery or express delivery in the same city. Compared with express delivery, the latter has more income and some rest time. In his feelings, the days of grassroots express outlets in the past two years are far less than those of three or four years ago, and many outlets have been resold for various reasons.

　　To this end, courier companies have also tried various ways to mobilize the enthusiasm of grassroots outlets and retain couriers. In May last year, five express delivery companies, Yuantong, Shentong, Zhongtong, Yunda and Baishi, announced that they would allocate a piece fee of 0.15 yuan/ticket from June 1, 2017. Previously, Tiantian Express also raised the delivery fee.

　　In addition to the delivery fee, the courier company also adjusted the face-to-face reward system for couriers last year. Take Tiantian Express as an example. If the courier reaches the delivery assessment value, each 0.2 yuan will be rewarded if it exceeds the basic value; If the target value is reached, each 0.3 yuan will be awarded for the part exceeding the basic value.

　　In addition, many express delivery companies are also trying to make up for the shortage of manpower by adopting new technologies such as intelligent express cabinets. However, the construction and maintenance costs of tens of thousands of yuan and the unclear profit model are also plaguing the development of express cabinets. Take HIVE BOX Science and Technology, an express cabinet enterprise, as an example. It has installed about 75,000 intelligent express cabinets in communities and office buildings, covering 80 cities in China. However, from January to May this year, its operating income was 288 million yuan, and its net profit was-249 million yuan, which still caused serious losses.

　　The price war is no longer effective, and the express price increase should also upgrade the service.

　　For a long time, the express delivery industry has been regarded as a vivid portrayal of "whoever raises the price first, who loses the market first", especially the franchised express delivery that mainly relies on the development of e-commerce components. Therefore, in the past, the "three links and one reach" express delivery companies fought a price war to compete for market share.

　　According to the industry operation data released by the State Post Bureau, the unit price of express delivery industry was 11.91 yuan in August this year, but in 2015, this figure was 13.4 yuan, 14.65 yuan in 2014, 15.69 yuan in 2013 and 18.6 yuan in 2012, showing a downward trend year by year. However, after several major express delivery companies went public one after another and the express delivery market gradually stabilized, price war is no longer the best choice.

　　Xu Yong said that in the past two years, many express delivery companies have raised the delivery fee several times, which has a lot to do with the price war in the past. For some time, e-commerce has obtained the pricing power of e-commerce express mail by virtue of the advantage of supply, and even very low-priced products also provide postal services, mainly because they can earn the difference in express delivery. Therefore, the franchise express delivery industry has developed to today, and its cost performance has almost reached the best level in the world.

　　However, with the rising cost of grass-roots outlets, especially the increase of labor costs, it is becoming more and more difficult to rely on manual delivery outlets. Xu Yong said that in the past, grassroots outlets may cut costs by not paying social security, but after the listing of express delivery companies such as "three links and one service", such practices gradually decreased, so problems such as resale, difficulty in recruiting workers and high turnover rate at grassroots outlets gradually emerged.

　　Shao Zhonglin also believes that the development of "three links and one reach" express delivery has benefited from e-commerce express delivery for many years, but the sales price and cost of express delivery do not match. The survival and development of many grassroots outlets are mostly maintained by reducing service quality or sacrificing employee welfare. "This development is unhealthy."

　　Many users also understand the express price adjustment, but they also hope that the corresponding service level can keep up. Zhong Li, a citizen of Chongqing, said that even if the express delivery company raises the price for consumers by 50 cents, even 1 yuan can understand it, but if the price increase alone does not improve the service level, it is very unreasonable. In his view, problems such as barbaric handling, privately dismantled express delivery, and lost express mail still exist, which cannot be solved by raising prices.

　　Xu Yong also pointed out that on the one hand, consumers should gradually adapt to the floating pricing mechanism of the express delivery industry, on the other hand, express delivery companies should also adjust prices within a certain range, and at the same time increase service supply to ensure the same service level as usual, not only to ease the pressure of quantity, but also to find ways to solve qualitative problems.

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online Reporter Wang Lin　

　　Kung Fu Panda, a Hollywood summer animation masterpiece, officially appeared in China on Friday. At the premiere of the Shanghai Film Festival yesterday, artist Zhao Bandi’s appeal that "everyone in China should boycott Kung Fu Panda" obviously became a Don Quixote joke. There is a long queue in the second hall of Shanghai Cinema, and the audience is full. The Kung Fu Panda has not yet started, and the atmosphere at the scene has been very lively by a lovely and huge panda doll. The panda "Po" played for 100 minutes and the audience laughed dozens of times. At the end of the screening, the audience expressed their love for the film with warm applause. "It’s so beautiful and awesome!" As a China-themed Hollywood movie, ordinary audiences in China feel happy and excited from Kung Fu Panda, while filmmakers in China should feel ashamed and humiliated.

　　"Po" made the audience laugh from beginning to end.

　　Kung Fu Panda shows a martial arts world, and you can even regard it as an animal version of Kung Fu. Without the animation coat, it is a simple story of a little person who won by luck, hard work and courage. The hero is the big and fat panda "Po". He is lazy, clumsy and greedy. He usually helps his father (a duck) in the noodle restaurant. Only in his dream, he is a handsome and cool warrior with superb kung fu. He stumbled into the "God" in the Great Fairy Point of the tortoise.

　　The candidate of "Dragon Warrior" is the same as the five masters (tiger, monkey, crane, mantis and snake). Under the training of the "raccoon" master, he becomes a generation of dragon warrior, and finally defends "Peace Valley" and defeats the evil ambitious remnant leopard. Kung Fu Panda can make you laugh from beginning to end, and the dialogue, modeling, plot, details, animal expressions and martial arts movements are all hilarious. For example, Po tried his best to enter the tournament. He climbed the 1888 steps and was panting. When he finally climbed to the door, he was about to cheer, but the door just closed. His first contact with kung fu training and his violent beating by the master are very funny. The plots of Bao’s "grabbing buns", "acupuncture" and "stealing cookies" make the audience laugh through the panda’s embarrassing and rich expressions. However, being fat also has the advantage of being fat, because even "acupoints" are useless to him.

　　Master "Po" isJackie Chan

　　The humorous and sometimes ugly fighting action of "Po" reminds the audience of Jackie Chan’s movies. Indeed, director Stevenson once said that Jackie Chan is the most important when designing actions for "Po" because his kung fu is full of humor and is closest to the theme. At the same time, "Jet Li and Bruce Lee’s kung fu are all referenced, even including Stephen Chow (Q bar)." What’s more striking is that the voice cast of Kung Fu Panda is quite strong, with Jack Black providing the voice for Po, Dustin Hoffman providing the voice for Master Raccoon and Angelina Jolie providing the voice for Tiger. There are Jackie Chan, Liu Yuling and others, and the Chinese version invites stars such as Wilber Pan and Patty Hou to join us.

　　As the director said, Kung Fu Panda is a "love letter" dedicated to China, and everything in this film comes from China. In the film, those kung fu, pandas, landscapes, Tai Chi, temple fairs, calligraphy and acupuncture belong to China; Animals eat noodles, use chopsticks, and Tigress wears a Tang suit. Monkeys, poisonous snakes, red-crowned cranes, tigers and mantis are the most famous and distinctive representatives of boxing martial arts in China.

　　"China filmmakers should wake up."

　　In the past, Hollywood films based on the theme of China were more or less criticized for "not being China enough and misreading China". In Kung Fu Panda, the reporter found that Hollywood seems to have really "read" China. Except for the characters and props, the concept and culture of the film are all Chinese. Both Panda Po and Canbao are trying to get the secret book of the Dragon, but in fact, there is not a word in the secret book. Po learned the true meaning of "believe in yourself" from the secret book without words. Master Oogway’s series of proverbs: Everything is predestined, there is no coincidence in the world, and he said "My time is up" and then turned into a fairy, all of which won the essence of China culture. It seems that after a long period of "training", Hollywood has gradually been able to control the "mysterious and complicated" China culture, instead of just using some specious China elements to put on a show. Therefore, Kung Fu Panda is enough to make all China filmmakers feel ashamed. A movie fan sighed after watching it, "Everything in this movie is from China, but why can’t people in China shoot it?" When talking about the so-called Kung Fu Panda, which calls for a boycott of "taking advantage of the fire to rob", more viewers feel that it is better to retreat from the net than to boycott it. "It’s time to wake up." Kung Fu Panda "is so beautiful. China filmmakers should be ashamed. If we don’t work hard, we will give away everything."

　　"Kung Fu Panda" detonated at zero in Nanjing

　　This summer’s opening blockbuster, Kung Fu Panda, a 3D animated blockbuster produced by American DreamWorks, will meet the audience in mainland China from tomorrow. At the screening meeting in Nanjing yesterday, "Kung Fu Panda" made the adult audience laugh, and the general reaction was "good-looking, worth seeing!" Manager Ouyang Chong of the Workers’ Studio said that the Workers’ Studio will detonate Kung Fu Panda at 0: 00 tonight, which is the first time they have detonated an animation at 0: 00.

　　With the heavy landing of Kung Fu Panda on June 20th, the summer movie file in 2008 officially kicked off. Just like the fat figure of the fat panda "Po", this summer’s first shock wave is absolutely heavyweight. "We have been ready for a long time. This time, we took a total of three copies, two digital films and one digital film. The numbers are in Chinese and English. The film is only available in Chinese. Ten of the 13 halls will be used to play Kung Fu Panda. On average, there will be a rolling broadcast of this film every ten minutes to a quarter of an hour, which is the film with the highest screening density so far this year. Such a high screening density is comparable to Zhang Yimou’s "Golden Flower in the City". " Ouyang Chong told the reporter excitedly that Kung Fu Panda was completely operated according to Hollywood blockbusters, not a simple cartoon. Ouyang Chong also explained why Kung Fu Panda was so popular with them. "This film is not for children in the traditional sense, but also suitable for adults. There are many fashion elements, including many China elements and humorous elements unique to the West, which are familiar to most audiences. "

　　In addition to setting a record for the first zero-point detonation cartoon, the copy of Kung Fu Panda is specially encrypted, which can only be released at a specific screening time. This has set a record for the animation copy and encryption. A copy of a movie that needs to be encrypted like this, the first one earlier this year was forbidden kingdom. Tongli

Editor: Li Dan

For friends who pursue high-quality family life, the interior space is one of the important criteria when choosing a car. Which SUV with the largest budget of 100,000-150,000 is better? The brand-new Ford has become an ideal choice, focusing on the "holiday style" wide-body five-seat SUV, and the manufacturer’s guide price starts at 126,800 yuan.

1935mm ultra-wide body, enjoy the ultimate space.

A remarkable highlight of the new Ford Leary is its 1935mm super-wide body design of the same class, which is particularly prominent in the medium-sized SUV market. Compared with competing products at the same level, the width of Lingrui not only provides more spacious seating space for drivers and passengers, but also brings excellent comfort experience. Both front and rear passengers can enjoy ample leg, shoulder and head space, making every trip more relaxed and enjoyable.

The increase of body width not only makes the whole vehicle feel more powerful visually, but also significantly improves the stability and ride comfort of the vehicle in actual driving. Whether it is the stable handling at high speed or the body support at turning, you can feel the obvious advantages brought by the wide-body design. For home users, Lingrui’s spacious space is especially suitable for long-distance travel or family outing, making every trip a pleasure.

Perfect integration of exquisite design and the concept of "holiday style"

The design of the new Ford Leary incorporates the hard-core genes of the Ford family and skillfully combines the concept of "holiday style". The front of the car is designed with a full hood and a through obsidian front grille, which further enhances the visual width and strength of the vehicle. The 20-inch super-large cyclone wheel hub adds a sporty temperament to the whole vehicle, making it not only show a calm atmosphere in urban commuting, but also easily cope with various complex road conditions in outdoor exploration.

With the widest 1935mm ultra-wide body in its class, the new Ford Leary has become one of the largest SUVs with a space of 100,000-150,000, redefining the value benchmark of the medium-sized SUV market. At present, the new Ford Leary is selling well, offering 7 body colors to meet the needs of different consumers.

　　Litchi Technology Special Report Reporter/Warren Wang Gao Zhipeng Zhou Tingting Sun Haohan from Dongguan Editor/Lu Weijing

　　Yesterday, Huawei’s"HarmonyOS"Brush the screen, today, Huawei’s glory"Smart Screen"Will be the first show again.

　　On the afternoon of August 10th.Huawei’s glorious "Smart Screen" will be unveiled as the first product equipped with "HarmonyOS" operating system. Litchi News will report to you at the press conference in Dongguan.

　　However, what is a "smart screen" and why do some people say that "glory smart screen is the future of TV"?

　　Yesterday, HarmonyOS announced that today is the first show of HarmonyOS.

　　On August 9th, the largest developer conference in Huawei’s history was held in Dongguan, where 5,000 global developers witnessed the birth of the new distributed operating system "HarmonyOS OS". The glory "Smart Screen" to be released on the afternoon of the 10th will be the first terminal product in the world to adopt Huawei’s "HarmonyOS OS" operating system, which means that domestic manufacturers finally have hardware products equipped with "domestic systems".

　　At present, the mainstream computer operating systems in the market are Windows and Mac OS, and the mainstream mobile operating systems are ios and Android. At present, the operating systems used by mainstream domestic mobile phones and computers are Google’s Android and Microsoft’s Windows.

　　Therefore, the combination of Huawei’s self-developed "HarmonyOS OS" and its self-developed product "Smart Screen" means that domestic smart devices can finally be "integrated with nature".

　　In layman’s terms, it means "put your own dishes on your own plate."

　　From then on, domestic manufacturers may no longer be "hardware assembly factories" and "system interface optimization factories", but really have the core technology and the "right to speak" of benchmarking technology giants.

　　As Yu Chengdong, CEO of Huawei’s consumer business, said: "If Android can’t be used, you can always enable HarmonyOS."

　　Not TV, but the future of TV.

　　Zhao Ming, president of Huawei Glory, said that the "smart screen" is not TV, but the future of TV.

　　How to understand this?

　　For a simple example, the current smart TV is turned on by Android system.

　　The manufacturer embeds this operating system into the TV chip, which enables the TV to download various apps, browse and play Internet content, etc.

　　With the help of the distributed operating system "HarmonyOS OS", Glory Smart Screen can not only meet the needs of audio-visual entertainment, but also realize brand-new functions such as information sharing, control management and multi-device interaction.

　　Think about it, the screen of mobile phone can be displayed on TV in real time, and intelligent hardware devices such as computers, routers and air conditioners can also be controlled through TV. Is it quite a feeling of life in the era of "Internet of Things"?

　　Of course, the real power of the glory smart screen will be announced at the press conference on the afternoon of the 10th.

　　HarmonyOS VS Android Who’s your type?

　　At the beginning of HarmonyOS system exposure, many people speculated that HarmonyOS was just a "stunt" for Android. Today, people find that the meaning of "HarmonyOS" is not only as simple as the mobile phone system, because it will be the "next generation OS" facing the future.

　　In Chinese interpretation, Harmony OS refers to the aura of the world before Pangu opened heaven, which means "opening heaven and earth", while the English name Harmony OS of HarmonyOS system means peace and convenience.

　　As the saying goes, "HarmonyOS’s ambition is based on harmony".

　　Theoretically speaking, compared with the existing operating system, the biggest feature of HarmonyOS is that it allows users to open a "new world" where different devices are linked and shared with each other.

　　For example, at present, we often need to transfer files between mobile phones and computers through WeChat, QQ, etc. If the files are too large, we can only use data connection lines. The distributed architecture of "HarmonyOS OS" enables applications to call hardware peripherals of other terminals.

　　Simply put, devices such as mobile phones, tablets, computers, smart watches, car-mounted large screens, smart speakers, etc. may freely transfer files to each other, and even set each other, so there is no need to worry about "recognition" between devices, let alone data processing capabilities.

　　For software developers, a program used to be designed to adapt and develop different hardware such as mobile phones, tablets and computers.

　　The most basic thing is to consider that different devices have different sizes of screens and different resolutions, some need finger touch, and some need to support mouse … … The workload is huge.

　　The "HarmonyOS" system can automatically adapt to mobile phones, watches, tablets, computers and other different equipment terminals through a set of codes. In the future, perhaps there will be less and less embarrassment like "Android tablet", and developers will be able to achieve "one development, multi-terminal deployment" through HarmonyOS.

　　Of course, while "opening up the world", HarmonyOS has also specially optimized the content of "software ecological harmony" such as fluency and security. Why do Android phones use more cards? To borrow Yu Chengdong’s metaphor, at present, most operating systems treat all resource scheduling equally, just like a road with both slow-moving trucks and fast-moving cars. The optimal dispatching in HarmonyOS is equivalent to dividing the roads into fast lanes, slow lanes and bicycle lanes, so that the processes will not be blocked.

　　In terms of security, the microkernel of HarmonyOS system naturally has no Root, and the system is isolated from the external core server, and there is no unified "key", so the bottom layer is difficult to be broken. This level of security technology used to be only used in aviation and military industries.

　

　

　　For more information about "HarmonyOS OS" and "Smart Screen", Litchi News will continue to pay attention to it at the press conference in Dongguan.

Topic: "Perception of China" in Israel.

　　1. RoshHashana The Jewish New Year is the beginning of the year of the Jewish calendar (lunar calendar). It is one of the most important festivals for Jews. During the festival, the whole country has a two-day holiday. In the church, the horn was blown to talk to God, hoping to get God’s blessing. Friends meet to say "ShanaTova". According to tradition, people eat apples dipped in honey during the New Year, which indicates that the new year is sweet and beautiful.

　　2. YomKippur Yom Kippur is the tenth day after the Jewish New Year and is an important religious festival. Jews set this festival to confess to God and ask for forgiveness. Judaism stipulates that during Yom Kippur, you should fast for one day and pray and meditate in the church. When people meet in church, they wish each other a good evaluation from God. Yom Kippur ended with the melodious sound of horns in the evening.

　　3. Sukkot (Sukkot) This festival is to commemorate the life of living in a hut during the 40-year exile in Sinai after the Jewish ancestor Moses led the Jews out of Egypt. Therefore, the festival is in the harvest season, so it is also called the harvest festival. It is the main feature of every household to build a straw shed during the festival. The festival is celebrated for eight days. During this period, the IDF usually holds tank exhibitions in Tel Aviv’s municipal square.

Israel’s "Tent Festival"

　　4. SimhatTorah It usually takes a year for Jews to read Jewish classics. The Simhattorah is designed to celebrate the completion of reading, and the religious atmosphere is strong. This festival is a happy festival, so people (mainly Christians) should sing, dance and eat sweets. In the celebration ceremony, an essential item is to take down the scroll and walk seven times in your hand.

　　5. Hanukah Festival is to commemorate the success of Macabies’s uprising against the Greek invaders and the freedom of Jews. Legend has it that during the Jewish temple period, the seven olive oil lamps in the temple kept on burning, but they were eventually broken due to the destruction of the Greek invaders. After the victory of Macabies Uprising, I hope to rekindle the oil lamp. People looked around and found only enough olive oil for one day, but this olive oil was miraculously ordered for eight days until the new olive matured and new oil was added. Since then, Jews have set up festivals to commemorate this day when God helped them. This festival lasts for eight days, with two days off at the beginning and the end. The main celebration ceremony is to light a candle every day. Candlesticks with nine candlesticks are specially designed for this festival. Among them, the higher one in the middle is designed to ignite the other eight. At the beginning of the festival, people eat a special potato cake and then exchange gifts.

　　6. Purim means drawing lots. It is said that a wicked official hated a Jew who had offended him and set a date for killing all Jews by drawing lots. A Jewish woman who became a queen executed the wicked official and saved the Jews by playing around. During festivals, theaters usually put on plays about this story. People (mainly children) also wear masks about the characters in the story to attend the party, so some people call it the masquerade festival. At the party, people usually eat a special triangle cookie, which symbolizes the ear or hat of a bad official.

　　7. The Passover (Pessah) originated from the Bible Exodus. When Moses led the Jews out of Egypt to the Red Sea, he raised his staff to separate the Red Sea, and the Jews walked out of the Red Sea smoothly, while the chasing Egyptian army was submerged in the sea. The festival is celebrated for eight days, with two days off at the beginning and the end. Before the festival, people should remove all fermented pasta from their homes. During the festival, it is forbidden to sell and eat fermented food, and only a special unleavened pancake called Matsa can be eaten to commemorate the day when Jews could not eat fermented cakes when they left Egypt because of time constraints.

The traditional family feast of Jews during Passover.

　　8. Holocaust Remembrance Day (also known as Holocaust Remembrance Day) In order to commemorate the six million Jews killed by the Nazis between 1933 and 1945, the Knesset passed a decree in 1951, establishing the 27th of the Jewish calendar (April in Gregorian calendar) as Holocaust Remembrance Day. During the festival, orthodox Jews all over the world will fast for one day. Every family lights candles and reads the Jewish scripture Kadish. In Israel, an assembly or procession attended by the President, the Prime Minister and other important figures will be held to mourn the victims and celebrate the survival of the Jewish nation. At 10 o’clock in the morning, the national whistle sounded for two minutes, and the people stopped all work and stood in silence for the victims.

　　9. IDFMemorialDay This festival is set on the day before Independence Day to commemorate the soldiers of the National Defence Force who have given their lives to protect national security since the War of Liberation. At 8 o’clock the night before the festival, the national whistle sounded for one minute, and the people stood in silence. The National Defence Force also held an official commemorative ceremony at 8: 00 on the same day, attended by the President. At eleven o’clock the next morning, whistle again for two minutes.

　　10. IndependentDay was established to commemorate Israel’s independence in 1948. At eight o’clock the night before the festival, the Knesset held a formal celebration ceremony in Mount Herzl, Jerusalem, with the participation of parliamentarians and cabinet members. The ceremony included lighting 12 torches and firing salutes. The main activities on the day of the festival include a parade of the National Defence Forces, an air show, a reception hosted by the President for diplomatic missions and outstanding soldiers, an international Bible contest and an Israel Prize awarding ceremony. In addition, municipal governments also hold entertainment parties and set off fireworks.

Independence Day

　　11. Lagba-Omer means the 33rd day after the first day of Passover. According to legend, the Jewish rabbi Akiva organized Jews to recapture Jerusalem from the Romans on this day and lit a bonfire to inform the surrounding villages. Since then, Jews have commemorated the story of Achiwarabi and his recapture of Jerusalem with bonfires.

　　12. Jerusalem Day is a festival to commemorate Israel’s unification of Jerusalem in 1967. During festivals, there are usually grand celebrations in Jerusalem. The main celebration ceremony was held in front of the Western Wall at sunset the day before. Before the ceremony began, eighteen candles were lit to commemorate the soldiers who died in the battle to recapture Yecheng, followed by a thanksgiving ceremony. On the day of the festival, mass parades and other celebrations are held.

　　13. The forty-ninth day after the first day of Pentecost Passover is the day to commemorate Moses’ acquisition of the Ten Commandments. Therefore, the festival is catching up with the harvest of wheat and fruit, so it is also called the harvest festival. This is a happy festival, people should decorate their homes with flowers, and have a rich holiday meal with milk and cheese the night before the festival. Read the Ten Commandments on the festival day. At present, this festival has basically evolved into a children’s festival.

　　14. Tesha b ‘av means the ninth day of the Jewish calendar. According to legend, the Jewish temple was destroyed twice on this day. Jews commemorated this sad day with fasting.

Editor: Wang Yilin